Diabetes and hypertension: is there a common metabolic pathway?

Bernard M Y Cheung, Chao Li, Bernard M Y Cheung, Chao Li

Abstract

Diabetes and hypertension frequently occur together. There is substantial overlap between diabetes and hypertension in etiology and disease mechanisms. Obesity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance are thought to be the common pathways. Recent advances in the understanding of these pathways have provided new insights and perspectives. Physical activity plays an important protective role in the two diseases. Knowing the common causes and disease mechanisms allows a more effective and proactive approach in their prevention and treatment.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Summary of putative pathophysiologic mechanisms in the development of hypertension in diabetes mellitus. RAAS—renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; SNS—sympathetic nervous system; VSMC—vascular smooth muscle cell. (From Mugo MN, Stump CS, Rao PG, Sowers JR. Chapter 34: Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus. Hypertension: A Companion to Braunwald’s Heart Disease. Copyright Elsevier, 2007 [113])

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