Adaptive and regulatory mechanisms in aged rats with postoperative cognitive dysfunction

Yanlin Bi, Shuyun Liu, Xinjuan Yu, Mingshan Wu, Yuelan Wang, Yanlin Bi, Shuyun Liu, Xinjuan Yu, Mingshan Wu, Yuelan Wang

Abstract

Inflammation may play a role in postoperative cognitive dysfunction. 5' Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, nuclear factor-kappa B, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α are involved in inflammation. Therefore, these inflammatory mediators may be involved in postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Western immunoblot analysis revealed 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-kappa B in the hippocampus of aged rats were increased 1-7 days after splenectomy. Moreover, interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α were upregulated and gradually decreased. Therefore, these inflammatory mediators may participate in the splenectomy model of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in aged rats.

Keywords: 5’adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase; aging; brain; interleukin-1β; nerve regeneration; neural regeneration; nuclear factor-kappa B; postoperative cognitive dysfunction; splenectomy; tumor necrosis factor-α.

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Learning and memory ability is reduced in postoperative cognitive dysfunction rats. The escape latency in Morris water maze test was significantly increased 1, 3, and 5 days after surgery in the model group. All data are expressed as mean ± SD and were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance fol-lowed by the least significant difference test to compare between two groups. aP < 0.05, vs. control group; bP < 0.05, vs. sham-surgery group.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The expression of AMPK and NF-κB increased in the hippocampus of postoperative cognitive dysfunction rats. Western blot analysis of AMPK (A, C) and NF-κB (B, D) in the hippocampus of the control, sham-surgery, and model groups at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days after surgery. All data are expressed as mean ± SD and were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance followed by the least significant difference test to compare between two groups. aP < 0.05, vs. control group; bP < 0.05, vs. sham-surgery group. 1: Control group; 2–5: sham-surgery group at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days; 6–9: model group at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days; AMPK: 5? adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase; NF-κB: nuclear factor-kappa B.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The expression of IL-1β and TNF-á increased in the hippocampus of postoperative cognitive dysfunction rats. Western blot analysis of IL-1β (A, C) and TNF-á (B, D) in the hippocampus of the control, sham-surgery, and model groups at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days after surgery. All data are expressed as mean ± SD and were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance followed by the least significant difference test to compare between two groups. aP < 0.05, vs. control group; bP < 0.05, vs. sham-surgery group; cP < 0.05, vs. the first day of surgery; dP < 0.05, vs. the third day of surgery. 1: Control group; 2: sham-surgery group; 3–6: model group at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days; IL-1β: interleukin-1â; TNF-á: tumor ne-crosis factor-á.

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