Predictors of preprocedural direct oral anticoagulant levels in patients having an elective surgery or procedure
Joseph R Shaw, Na Li, Thomas Vanassche, Michiel Coppens, Alex C Spyropoulos, Summer Syed, Mansoor Radwi, Joanne Duncan, Sam Schulman, James D Douketis, Joseph R Shaw, Na Li, Thomas Vanassche, Michiel Coppens, Alex C Spyropoulos, Summer Syed, Mansoor Radwi, Joanne Duncan, Sam Schulman, James D Douketis
Abstract
The Perioperative Anticoagulation Use for Surgery Evaluation (PAUSE) study prospectively evaluated a prespecified periprocedural-interruption strategy of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) among patients with atrial fibrillation. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify clinical parameters associated with residual DOAC levels ≥30 ng/mL or ≥50 ng/mL. Patients undergoing low-bleed-risk procedures were more likely to have residual levels of ≥30 ng/mL and ≥50 ng/mL. For low-risk procedures, age ≥75 years, female sex, a creatinine clearance (CrCl) <50 mL/min, and an interruption of <36 hours were associated with a greater likelihood of levels ≥30 ng/mL, whereas age ≥75 years, female sex, a CrCl of <50 mL/min, and standard DOAC dosing were associated with levels ≥50 ng/mL. For high-risk procedures, weight of <70 kg, CrCl <50 mL/min, and standard DOAC dosing were associated with residual levels ≥30 ng/mL, whereas female sex was associated with levels ≥50 ng/mL. For low-risk procedures, apixaban was associated with a higher likelihood of levels ≥30 ng/mL as compared with dabigatran (P = .0019) and of levels ≥50 ng/mL when compared with rivaroxaban (P = .0003). For high-risk procedures, apixaban was marginally associated with a higher likelihood of residual levels ≥30 ng/mL when compared with dabigatran (P = .05), whereas rivaroxaban was associated with a higher likelihood of levels ≥30 ng/mL as compared with apixaban. Further study is required to determine whether adjustments to perioperative plans based on these clinical parameters could result in a lower risk of residual DOAC levels. The PAUSE trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT2228798.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02228798.
Conflict of interest statement
Conflict-of-interest disclosure: T.V. has participated in advisory boards and/or as a speaker for Bayer AG, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi Sankyo, Bristol-Myers Squibb/Pfizer, and Sanofi. M.C. received research support or lecturing and consultancy fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Daiichi Sankyo, Sanquin Blood Supply, and Portola. A.C.S. has worked as a consultant for Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Portola, and the ATLAS Group; and reports research grants from Boehringer Ingelheim and Janssen. S. Schulman reports research grants from Octapharma and Boehringer Ingelheim and honoraria from Alnylam, Bayer, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Daiichi-Sankyo, and Sanofi. J.D.D. reports personal fees from Janssen, Pfizer, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Sanofi, Servier Canada, and Portola. The remaining authors declare no competing financial interests.
© 2020 by The American Society of Hematology.
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Source: PubMed