The Incidence, Risk Factors and Outcomes of Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury in Neurosurgical Critically Ill Patients

Yujun Deng, Jie Yuan, Ruibin Chi, Heng Ye, Dong Zhou, Sheng Wang, Cong Mai, Zhiqiang Nie, Lin Wang, Yiling Zhai, Lu Gao, Danqing Zhang, Linhui Hu, Yiyu Deng, Chunbo Chen, Yujun Deng, Jie Yuan, Ruibin Chi, Heng Ye, Dong Zhou, Sheng Wang, Cong Mai, Zhiqiang Nie, Lin Wang, Yiling Zhai, Lu Gao, Danqing Zhang, Linhui Hu, Yiyu Deng, Chunbo Chen

Abstract

We investigated the incidence, perioperative risk factors, and outcomes of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in neurosurgical critically ill patients. A prospective multicenter cohort study was conducted, enrolling adult patients who underwent neurosurgical procedure and admitted to the neurosurgical intensive care units (ICU). Postoperative AKI was diagnosed within 7 days after surgery based on the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria. Of 624 enrolled patients, postoperative AKI occurred in 84 patients. AKI was associated with increased rates of ICU and in-hospital mortality, postoperative renal replacement therapy, postoperative tracheotomy, and postoperative tracheal reintubation. Patients who developed AKI had higher total ICU costs, prolonged length of hospital and ICU stay, and longer duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation. Multivariate analysis identified postoperative reoperation (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 5.70 [95% CI, 1.61-20.14]), postoperative concentration of serum cystatin C (adjusted OR 4.53 [95% CI, 1.98-10.39]), use of mannitol during operation (adjusted OR 1.97 [95% CI, 1.13-3.43]), postoperative APACHE II score (adjusted OR 1.11 [95% CI, 1.06-1.16]), and intraoperative estimated blood loss (adjusted OR 1.04 [95% CI, 1.00-1.08]) as independent risk factors for postoperative AKI. Postoperative AKI in neurosurgical critically ill cohort is prevalent and associated with adverse in-hospital outcomes.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart from recruitment to outcome. Abbreviations: ICU, intensive care unit; AKI, acute kidney injury.

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