Experience and Perceptions among Older Outpatients after Myocardial Infarction following an Exercise Intervention: A Qualitative Analysis from the PIpELINe Trial

Andrea Raisi, Tommaso Piva, Jonathan Myers, Valentina Zerbini, Simona Mandini, Tamara Zappaterra, Gianni Mazzoni, Elisabetta Tonet, Rita Pavasini, Gianluca Campo, Giovanni Grazzi, Emilio Paolo Visintin, Andrea Raisi, Tommaso Piva, Jonathan Myers, Valentina Zerbini, Simona Mandini, Tamara Zappaterra, Gianni Mazzoni, Elisabetta Tonet, Rita Pavasini, Gianluca Campo, Giovanni Grazzi, Emilio Paolo Visintin

Abstract

Traditional cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs effectively improve physical performance and outcomes after myocardial infarction (MI). However, older patients are less likely to participate in such programs. The aim of this qualitative analysis was to investigate experiences and perceptions of cardiac outpatients enrolled in an innovative and exercise-based CR program and to identify possible barriers to improving adherence and quality of life. Semi-structured interviews were conducted on a sample of 31 patients (84% male; age 76 ± 6 years) from the Physical Activity Intervention in Elderly after Myocardial Infarction (PIpELINe) trial, after about six months of the event. Three main themes were identified: Personal feelings after the event; lifestyle change and perception of barriers; and relationships with familiars. Participants perceived sensations of fear at the time of their diagnosis and showed awareness of the importance of following specific health suggestions. They reported a significative change in previous habits and highlighted the need for periodic controls. Few of them felt insecure in carrying out daily activities or practicing exercise and reported an unnecessary protection from the family members. These findings will provide valuable insights for the development of a more feasible patient-centered CR model of intervention.

Keywords: adherence; cardiac rehabilitation; cardiovascular disease; lifestyle change; myocardial infarction; qualitative research.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Main themes and sub-themes identified in qualitative interviews.

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