Vascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus

Athina Pyrpasopoulou, Sofia Chatzimichailidou, Spyros Aslanidis, Athina Pyrpasopoulou, Sofia Chatzimichailidou, Spyros Aslanidis

Abstract

Vascular disease, either as a direct complication of the disease or developing as an accompanying comorbidity impairs significantly the quality of life of patients with SLE and represents the most frequent cause of death in established lupus. This paper aims to give an overview of the prevalence of the different forms of vasculopathy that can be encountered in a lupus patient, describe their pathogenesis, and address their impact on disease severity and outcome.

References

    1. Burgos PI, McGwin G, Jr., Reveille JD, Vilá LM, Alarcón GS. Factors predictive of thrombotic events in LUMINA, a multi-ethnic cohort of SLE patients (LXXII) Rheumatology. 2010;49(9):1720–1725.
    1. Symmons DPM, Gabriel SE. Epidemiology of CVD in rheumatic disease, with a focus on RA and SLE. Nature Reviews Rheumatology. 2011;7(7):399–408.
    1. Skaqqs BJ, Hahn BH, McMahon M. Accelerated atherosclerosis in patients with SLE-mechanisms and management. Nature Reviews Rheumatology. 2012;8(4):214–223.
    1. Bruce IN. ‘Not only...but also’: factors that contribute to accelerated atherosclerosis and premature coronary heart disease in systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology. 2005;44(12):1492–1502.
    1. Urowitz MB, Gladman D, Ibañez D, et al. Atherosclerotic vascular events in a multinational inception cohort of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Care and Research. 2010;62(6):881–887.
    1. Benqtsson C, Ohman ML, Nived O, Rantapää Dahlqvist S. Cadiovascular event in systemic lupus erythematosus in northern Sweden: incidence and predictors in a 7-year follow-up study. Lupus. 2012;21(4):452–459.
    1. Kahlenberg JM, Kaplan MJ. The interplay of inflammation and cardiovascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Research & Therapy. 2011;13, article 203
    1. Somers E, Magder LS, Petri M. Antiphospholipid antibodies and incidence of venous thrombosis in a cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Journal of Rheumatology. 2002;29(12):2531–2536.
    1. Chiu CC, Huang CC, Chan WL, et al. Increased risk of ischemic stroke in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a nationwide population-based study. Internal Medicine. 2012;51(1):17–21.
    1. Romero-Díaz J, Vargas-Vóracková F, Kimura-Hayama E, Cortázar-Benítez LF, Gijón-Mitre R, Criales S, et al. Systemic lupus erythematosus risk factors for coronary artery calcifications. Rheumatology. 2012;51(1):110–119.
    1. Jurcut C, Caraiola S, Nitescu D, et al. Subclinical vascular disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: the additive deleterious effect of the antiphospholipid syndrome. Joint Bone Spine. In press.
    1. Urowitz MB, Bookman AA, Koehler BE, Gordon DA, Smythe HA, Ogryzlo MA. The bimodal mortality pattern of systemic lupus erythematosus. American Journal of Medicine. 1976;60(2):221–225.
    1. Chehab G, Fischer-Betz R, Schneider M. Changes in mortality and morbidity in systemic lupus eythematosus. Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie. 2011;70(6):480–485.
    1. McMahon M, Hahn BH, Skaggs BJ. Systemic lupus erythematosus and cardiovascular disease: prediction and potential for therapeutic intervention. Expert Review of Clinical Immunology. 2011;7(2):227–241.
    1. Croca SA, Rahman A. Imaging assessment of cardiovascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clinical and Developmental Immunology. 2012;2012:7 pages.694143
    1. Wade NS, Major AS. The problem of accelerated atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: insights into a complex co-morbidity. Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 2011;106(5):849–857.
    1. Zardi EM, Afeltra A. Endothelial dysfunction and vascular stiffness in systemic lupus erythematosus: are they early markers of subclinical atherosclerosis? Autoimmunity Reviews. 2010;9(10):684–686.
    1. Roldan CA, Joson J, Qualls CR, Sharrar J, Sibbitt WL., Jr. Premature aortic stiffness in systemic lupus erythematosus by transesophageal echocardiography. Lupus. 2010;19(14):1599–1605.
    1. Sherer Y, Zinger H, Shoenfeld Y. Atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmunity. 2010;43(1):98–102.
    1. Rodriquez-Garcia JL, Bertolaccini ML, Quadrado MJ, Sanna G, Ateka-Barrutia O, Khamashta MA. Clinical manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) with and without antiphospholipid antibodies (the so-called “seronegativeAPS”) Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2012;71(2):242–244.
    1. Deng X, Liu X. Reevaluation of predictive value of ACL and anti-β2GP1 antibody for thrombosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: from a perspective of a practical world. Rheumatology International. In press.
    1. Frostegård J. Systemic lupus erythematosus and cardiovascular disease. Lupus. 2008;17(5):364–367.
    1. Meroni PL, Borqhi MO, Raschi E, Tedesco F. Pathogenesis of antiphospholipd syndrome: understanding the antibodies. Nature Reviews Rheumatology. 2011;7(6):330–339.
    1. Hughes GRV. Hughes Syndrome (the antiphospholipid syndrome). Ten clinical lessons. Autoimmunity Reviews. 2008;7(3):262–266.
    1. Ruffatti A, Del Ross T, Ciprian M, et al. Risk factors for a first thrombotic event in antiphospholipid antibody carriers: a prospective multicentre follow-up study. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2011;70(6):1083–1086.
    1. Pyrpasopoulou A, Triantafyllou A, Anyfanti P, Douma S, Aslanidis S. Capillaroscopy as a screening test for clinical antiphospholipid syndrome. European Journal of Internal Medicine. 2011;22(6):e158–e159.
    1. Criado PR, Rivitti EA, Sotto MN, et al. Livedoid vasculopathy: an intriguing cutaneous disease. Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia. 2011;86(5):961–977.
    1. Yasue T. Livedoid vasculitis and central nervous system involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus. Archives of Dermatology. 1986;122(1):66–70.
    1. Sopeña B, Pérez-Rodríguez MT, Rivera A, Ortiz-Rey JA, Lamas J, Freire-Dapena MC. Livedoid vasculopathy and recurrent thrombosis in a patient with lupus: seronegative antiphospholipid syndrome? Lupus. 2010;19(11):1340–1343.
    1. Shimizu A, Tamura A, Yamanaka M, Amano H, Nagai Y, Ishikawa O. Case of livedoid vasculopathy with extensive dermal capillary thrombi. Journal of Dermatology. 2010;37(1):94–97.
    1. Khenifer S, Thomas L, Balme B, Dalle S. Livedoid vasculopathy: thrombotic or inflammatory disease? Clinical and Experimental Dermatology. 2010;35(7):693–698.
    1. Cieślik P, Hrycek A, Kłuciński P. Vasculopathy and vasculitis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnetrznej. 2008;118(1-2):57–63.
    1. Guilpain P, Mouthon L. Antiendothelial cells autoantibodies in vasculitis-associated systemic diseases. Clinical Reviews in Allergy and Immunology. 2008;35(1-2):59–65.
    1. Renaudineau Y, Dugué C, Dueymes M, Youinou P. Antiendothelial cell antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmunity Reviews. 2002;1(6):365–372.
    1. Praprotnik S, Blank M, Meroni PL, Rozman B, Eldor A, Shoenfeld Y. Classification of anti-endothelial cell antibodies into antibodies against microvascular and macrovascular endothelial cells. Arthritis & Rheumatism. 2001;44:1484–1494.
    1. Galeazzi M, Morozzi G, Sebastiani GD, et al. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in 566 European patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: prevalence, clinical associations and correlation with other autoantibodies. Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology. 1998;16(5):541–546.
    1. Dobre M, Wish J, Negrea L. Hydralazine-induced ANCA-positive pauci-immune glomerulonephritis: a case report and literature review. Renal Failure. 2009;31(8):745–748.
    1. Avcin T, Canova M, Guilpain P, et al. Infections, connective tissue diseases and vasculitis. Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology. 2008;26(1, supplement 48):S18–S26.
    1. Hashimoto H, Maekawa S, Nasu H, Okada T, Shiokawa Y, Fukuda Y. Systemic vascular lesions and prognosis in systemic lupus eryhtematosus. Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology. 1984;13(1):45–55.
    1. Soltész P, Kerekes G, Dér H, et al. Comparative assessment of vascular function in autoimmune rheumatic diseases: considerations of prevention and treatment. Autoimmunity Reviews. 2011;10(7):416–425.

Source: PubMed

Sponsors and Collaborators

Medical Conditions

Drug Interventions

3
Subscribe