- ICH GCP
- Registr klinických studií v USA
- Klinická studie NCT07677631
Emotional Allodynia Questionnaire (AEQ) in Fibromyalgia (PEARL) (PEARL)
Pain, Emotional Allodynia, and Relational Load (PEARL): A Multicenter Validation Study of the Emotional Allodynia Questionnaire in Fibromyalgia
Přehled studie
Postavení
Detailní popis
Design: multicenter (Italian tertiary pain centers), observational, case-control psychometric validation study. Cases are adults with fibromyalgia (2016 ACR criteria); controls are adults with chronic non-cancer pain of defined nociceptive or neuropathic origin who do not meet fibromyalgia criteria. Group membership reflects clinical diagnosis and is not assigned by the investigators.
Assessment: the primary assessment is cross-sectional at baseline (T0). All enrolled participants (cases and controls) are reassessed once for test-retest reliability (T1) at approximately 40 days (plus or minus 10 days). The battery comprises the AEQ, Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y forms 1 and 2), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), and a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain. Questionnaires are self-administered on paper with physician-verified completeness at the point of care, then transcribed into a secure online data-collection form.
Sample size: two targets. The fibromyalgia cohort comprises 274 patients (137 per depression stratum, sized for internal consistency and depression-stratified estimation; PASS 2024 v24.0.5). For the known-groups discriminative analysis, 151 evaluable non-fibromyalgia chronic pain controls are required, sized on precision for a 95% confidence interval of width 0.10 around an anticipated AUC of 0.80 (Hanley-McNeil standard-error method, PASS 2024 v24.0.9); the 97-per-group level is the minimum to test an AUC of 0.80 against a null of 0.70 (two-sided alpha 0.05, 80% power; Hanley-McNeil / Obuchowski-McClish).
Primary analysis: ROC analysis with the AEQ total score as classifier and diagnostic group as the reference (fibromyalgia = positive); the AUC is tested against 0.70 with its 95% CI. A covariate-adjusted logistic-regression sensitivity analysis (age, sex, depressive comorbidity) and a center-adjusted analysis are pre-specified. Secondary analyses include convergent and discriminant validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, test-retest ICC, AEQ-CSI median-split phenotyping (Resilient, Emotional Allodynia, Central Sensitization, Mixed), a pre-specified depression-stratified analysis, and exploratory unsupervised clustering.
Typ studie
Zápis (Odhadovaný)
Kontakty a umístění
Studijní kontakt
- Jméno: Alberto Corriero, MD, PhD
- Telefonní číslo: +39 3280072443
- E-mail: alberto.corriero@gmail.com
Studijní místa
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Bari, Itálie, 70124
- Nábor
- Pain Unit, Policlinico di Bari, University of Bari Aldo Moro (coordinating center)
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Vrchní vyšetřovatel:
- Mariateresa Giglio, MD
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Vrchní vyšetřovatel:
- Filomena Puntillo, MD
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Vrchní vyšetřovatel:
- Alberto Corriero, MD, PhD
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Bologna, Itálie, 40138
- Zatím nenabíráme
- Anesthesia and Pain Therapy Unit, IRCCS AOSP di Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi
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Vrchní vyšetřovatel:
- Samolsky Dekel Boaz, MD
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Cagliari, Itálie
- Zatím nenabíráme
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari
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Vrchní vyšetřovatel:
- Gabriele Finco, MD
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Naples, Itálie
- Zatím nenabíráme
- Department of Women, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli
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Vrchní vyšetřovatel:
- Maria Caterina Pace, MD
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Verona, Itálie
- Zatím nenabíráme
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, University of Verona
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Vrchní vyšetřovatel:
- Vittorio Schweiger, MD, PhD
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Kritéria účasti
Kritéria způsobilosti
Věk způsobilý ke studiu
- Dospělý
- Starší dospělý
Přijímá zdravé dobrovolníky
Metoda odběru vzorků
Studijní populace
Popis
CASES (fibromyalgia)
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age 18 years or older
- Clinical diagnosis of fibromyalgia confirmed according to the 2016 revision of the ACR criteria
- Chronic non-cancer pain for at least 3 months
- Ability to understand and independently complete self-report questionnaires in Italian
- Willingness to provide written informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
- Active oncological disease or cancer-related pain
- Any current or past psychiatric diagnosis except Major Depressive Disorder and Panic Disorder (assessed by clinical history)
- Severe cognitive impairment precluding questionnaire completion
- Inability to understand or complete questionnaires in Italian
CONTROLS (non-fibromyalgia chronic pain)
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age 18 years or older
- Chronic non-cancer pain for at least 3 months with a defined nociceptive or neuropathic generator (e.g., radiologically or surgically documented degenerative, structural, or post-surgical musculoskeletal pain, or neuropathic pain with an identifiable neurological lesion or disease)
- Not meeting the 2016 ACR criteria for fibromyalgia
- Ability to understand and independently complete self-report questionnaires in Italian
- Willingness to provide written informed consent
Exclusion Criteria (parallel to cases):
- Diagnosis of fibromyalgia or another recognized nociplastic primary pain condition (e.g., primary chronic widespread pain)
- Active oncological disease or cancer-related pain
- Any current or past psychiatric diagnosis except Major Depressive Disorder and Panic Disorder
- Severe cognitive impairment precluding questionnaire completion
- Inability to understand or complete questionnaires in Italian
Note: ongoing pharmacological treatment for pain or mental health is not an exclusion criterion in either group; Major Depressive Disorder and Panic Disorder are recorded at baseline and used in covariate-adjusted and stratified analyses.
Studijní plán
Jak je studie koncipována?
Detaily designu
Kohorty a intervence
Skupina / kohorta |
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Fibromyalgia cases
Adults with fibromyalgia diagnosed per the 2016 ACR criteria.
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Non-fibromyalgia chronic pain controls
Adults with chronic non-cancer pain of defined nociceptive or neuropathic origin who do not meet the 2016 ACR criteria for fibromyalgia.
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Co je měření studie?
Primární výstupní opatření
Měření výsledku |
Popis opatření |
Časové okno |
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Internal consistency of the Emotional Allodynia Questionnaire (AEQ) in fibromyalgia cases
Časové okno: Baseline (T0)
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Internal consistency reliability of the AEQ, an 11-item self-report questionnaire (total score range 0-44), in fibromyalgia cases, assessed using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega, each reported with 95% confidence intervals.
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Baseline (T0)
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Factorial structure of the Emotional Allodynia Questionnaire (AEQ)
Časové okno: Baseline (T0)
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Latent factor structure of the 11-item AEQ self-report questionnaire, assessed by exploratory factor analysis and a single-factor confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).
Reported as CFA model fit indices: comparative fit index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis index (TLI), root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), and standardized root mean square residual (SRMR).
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Baseline (T0)
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Known-groups discriminative accuracy of the AEQ (AUC)
Časové okno: Baseline (T0)
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Discriminative accuracy of the AEQ total score (11-item self-report questionnaire) in distinguishing fibromyalgia cases from non-fibromyalgia chronic pain controls, reported as the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC, range 0-1) with 95% confidence interval, tested against a null value of 0.70.
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Baseline (T0)
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Sekundární výstupní opatření
Měření výsledku |
Popis opatření |
Časové okno |
|---|---|---|
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Convergent validity of the Emotional Allodynia Questionnaire (AEQ)
Časové okno: Baseline (T0)
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Convergent validity reported as Spearman rank correlation coefficients (rho, range -1 to 1) between the AEQ total score and the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y), and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS).
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Baseline (T0)
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Discriminant validity of the Emotional Allodynia Questionnaire (AEQ) versus the DERS
Časové okno: Baseline (T0)
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Discriminant validity of the AEQ relative to the DERS, reported as (a) a chi-square statistic for dissociation across AEQ and DERS median-split groups and (b) the Fornell-Larcker criterion, comparing the AEQ's average variance extracted (AVE) with the squared AEQ-DERS correlation (proportions, range 0-1).
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Baseline (T0)
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Test-retest reliability of the Emotional Allodynia Questionnaire (AEQ) total score
Časové okno: Baseline (T0) and retest at approximately 40 days (plus or minus 10 days)
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Test-retest reliability of the AEQ total score (11-item self-report questionnaire) in the full enrolled sample (cases and controls), reported as the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC, range 0-1; two-way mixed-effects model, absolute agreement, single rater) with 95% confidence interval.
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Baseline (T0) and retest at approximately 40 days (plus or minus 10 days)
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AEQ score distribution across AEQ-CSI median-split phenotypes
Časové okno: Baseline (T0)
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Distribution of the AEQ total score (points, range 0-44) across the four AEQ-CSI median-split phenotypes (Resilient, Emotional Allodynia, Central Sensitization, Mixed), and between-phenotype differences on validated measures not used to define them (PCS, BDI-II, STAI-Y, DERS total scores)
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Baseline (T0)
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Floor and ceiling effects of the Emotional Allodynia Questionnaire (AEQ)
Časové okno: Baseline (T0)
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Reported as the percentage of participants (%) scoring at the minimum (floor) and at the maximum (ceiling) of the AEQ total score (11-item self-report questionnaire, total score range 0-44).
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Baseline (T0)
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Depression-stratified internal consistency and convergent validity of the AEQ
Časové okno: Baseline (T0)
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Computed separately within fibromyalgia cases stratified by presence vs. absence of major depressive disorder, reported as Cronbach's alpha (range 0-1) and Spearman correlation coefficients (rho, range -1 to 1) of the AEQ total score with CSI, PCS, BDI-II, STAI-Y, and DERS.
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Baseline (T0)
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Další výstupní opatření
Měření výsledku |
Popis opatření |
Časové okno |
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Concordance between AEQ-CSI phenotypes and data-driven clusters
Časové okno: Baseline (T0)
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Agreement between the theory-driven AEQ-CSI median-split phenotypes (Resilient, Emotional Allodynia, Central Sensitization, Mixed) and data-driven clusters from k-means, hierarchical clustering (Ward's method), and latent class analysis (LCA), reported as the Adjusted Rand Index (range -1 to 1).
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Baseline (T0)
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Spolupracovníci a vyšetřovatelé
Sponzor
Spolupracovníci
Vyšetřovatelé
- Vrchní vyšetřovatel: Alberto Corriero, MD, PhD, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Pain and ICU Section
Publikace a užitečné odkazy
Termíny studijních záznamů
Hlavní termíny studia
Začátek studia (Aktuální)
Primární dokončení (Odhadovaný)
Dokončení studie (Odhadovaný)
Termíny zápisu do studia
První předloženo
První předloženo, které splnilo kritéria kontroly kvality
První zveřejněno (Aktuální)
Aktualizace studijních záznamů
Poslední zveřejněná aktualizace (Aktuální)
Odeslaná poslední aktualizace, která splnila kritéria kontroly kvality
Naposledy ověřeno
Více informací
Termíny související s touto studií
Klíčová slova
Další relevantní podmínky MeSH
- Bolest
- Neurologické projevy
- Nemoci pohybového aparátu
- Nemoci nervového systému
- Svalová onemocnění
- Neuromuskulární onemocnění
- Revmatická onemocnění
- Patologické stavy, příznaky a symptomy
- Chování
- Příznaky a symptomy
- Společenské chování
- Sebeovládání
- Fibromyalgie
- Chronická bolest
- Emocionální regulace
- Nociplastická bolest
Další identifikační čísla studie
- PEARL-MC-2026
- 2451/CEL (Jiný identifikátor: Ethics Committee protocol number (preliminary single-center phase))
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Plánujete sdílet data jednotlivých účastníků (IPD)?
Popis plánu IPD
Informace o lécích a zařízeních, studijní dokumenty
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