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Effectiveness of Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (IASTM) and Myofascial Release in Reducing Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) in the Cervicothoracic Region (COMPARE-DOMS)

21. maj 2026 opdateret af: Iqra Majeed, Green International University

To Compare the Effectiveness of Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilisation ( IASTM ) and Myofascial Release to Reducing Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness ( DOMS ) on Cervicothoracic Region

The current study is a randomized controlled trail comparing the effectiveness of IASTM and Myofascial Release for individuals with DOMS at cervicothoracic region. The trail aims to evaluate improvements in pain, ROM, and neck disability. Interventions will be delivered twice weekly for a specific duration. The primary outcomes is pain reduction, while the secondary outcomes include improved disability level and ROM. To conclude, IASTM demonstrated a significantly higher improvement compared to MFR in acute cervicothoracic DOMS in terms of pain, disability level, and ROM in all directions tested in adults.

Studieoversigt

Status

Afsluttet

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is a physiological condition that develops in the course of time after strenuous unaccustomed physical exertion. In particular, DOMS occurs mostly in response to eccentric muscle actions, i.e., when muscle fibers lengthen while still performing work. Examples of eccentric actions may be, among others, lowering the load (weight training), downhill running, decelerating movements, and controlled return phase of resistance exercise (1). Unlike most types of physiological phenomena, DOMS usually develops after some period of time. Typically, it appears 12-24 hours after the workout and reaches its peak in 24-72 hours; afterwards, it will subside gradually over several days. DOMS is considered a normal adaptation reaction of the muscle. However, despite being physiologically beneficial and helping to adapt skeletal muscles to subsequent exercises through repeated bout phenomenon, DOMS may lead to considerable discomfort and even affect a person's quality of life. As the result of damage of muscle fibers and adjacent connective tissue in response to unaccustomed mechanical load, inflammatory reaction, swelling, and stimulation of pain receptors occurs. These processes are responsible for characteristic soreness associated with DOMS, which may impair individual's ability to perform certain activities and exercise.

The randomization process took place after participants were screened and underwent baseline assessment. Then, those who met the criteria were randomly allocated to Group A and Group B. Those patients in Group A were assigned to receive Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization, whereas those participants who belonged to Group B were subjected to Myofascial Release. Random allocation was performed by a computer and carried out through opaque sealed envelopes opened by an independent individual.

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Faktiske)

58

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiesteder

  • Pakistan
    • Sheikhupura
      • Lahore, Sheikhupura, Pakistan
        • Green International University

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Voksen

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ingen

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Participants aged between 30 and 40 years.
  • Individuals presenting with delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in the cervicothoracic region.
  • Willingness to participate in either the IASTM or myofascial release intervention protocols.
  • Ability to understand and sign the informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • History of recent cervical or thoracic spine surgery, fractures, or severe trauma in the region.
  • Presence of open wounds, active skin infections, or severe dermatological conditions in the cervicothoracic area where interventions will be applied.
  • Diagnosed neurological deficits, cervical radiculopathy, or myelopathy.
  • Known contraindications to soft tissue mobilization or manual therapy (e.g., severe osteoporosis, bleeding disorders, or anticoagulant use).
  • Current use of muscle relaxants, heavy analgesics, or NSAIDs that could mask DOMS symptoms during the study period.

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Behandling
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Tredobbelt

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Eksperimentel: IASTM
Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (IASTM) is a type of therapy where the practitioner utilizes unique instruments that are made of either metals or hard plastics that have smooth curved surfaces to glide on the skin surface to work on soft tissues. IASTM helps in identifying and breaking down areas of muscle tightness and adhesion. Blood flow is stimulated, pain, stiffness, and soreness are minimized, and mobility of the tissues is enhanced, thereby increasing joint range of motion.
Procedure: IASTM
The participants in this group were given the Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (IASTM). They were rubbed with a very small amount of gel or lotion to allow easy mobilization of the tool over the skin. The instrument has been developed to treat conditions of the cervical-thoracic joint region. The instrument was applied over the upper trapezius muscle and the cervicothoracic joint region using controlled unidirectional strokes for 8-10 minutes each day with moderate pressure. The process was done once every day for 2-3 days after the occurrence of Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness
Procedure: MFR
Group B: Myofascial Release Those who fell under Group B were subjected to myofascial release. The physiotherapist used hands to apply slow and gentle pressure on the tissues that needed release. Fascia and muscles of the upper trapezius, levator scapulae, and cervicothoracic paraspinal muscles were applied pressure on until there was release of the
Aktiv komparator: Myofascial Release
Myofascial Release (MFR) is an effective therapeutic massage technique that can be utilized to relieve muscle and fascia pain and tightness. The practitioner uses a series of gentle stretching or applying sustained pressure on areas where tension is felt until the fascia releases. Such release eases pain, improves circulation, joint mobility and muscle motion, enhances flexibility and posture
Procedure: IASTM
The participants in this group were given the Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (IASTM). They were rubbed with a very small amount of gel or lotion to allow easy mobilization of the tool over the skin. The instrument has been developed to treat conditions of the cervical-thoracic joint region. The instrument was applied over the upper trapezius muscle and the cervicothoracic joint region using controlled unidirectional strokes for 8-10 minutes each day with moderate pressure. The process was done once every day for 2-3 days after the occurrence of Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness
Procedure: MFR
Group B: Myofascial Release Those who fell under Group B were subjected to myofascial release. The physiotherapist used hands to apply slow and gentle pressure on the tissues that needed release. Fascia and muscles of the upper trapezius, levator scapulae, and cervicothoracic paraspinal muscles were applied pressure on until there was release of the

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain
Tidsramme: Baseline (pre-induction), Post-DOMS induction (24 hours), 48 hours, and 72 hours.
The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) is a 100 mm continuous line used to self-report cervicothoracic pain intensity. The scale ranges from 0 mm (indicating "no pain") to 100 mm (indicating "worst imaginable pain"). Participants mark a point on the line that represents their current pain perception at rest and during active movement.
Baseline (pre-induction), Post-DOMS induction (24 hours), 48 hours, and 72 hours.

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Cervical Range of Motion (CROM)
Tidsramme: Baseline (pre-induction), Post-DOMS induction (24 hours), 48 hours, and 72 hours.
Active cervical range of motion will be measured in degrees using a digital inclinometer or a cervical range of motion instrument. Movement planes will include cervical flexion, extension, lateral flexion (left and right), and rotation (left and right). Decreased ranges indicate higher functional restriction due to muscle soreness.
Baseline (pre-induction), Post-DOMS induction (24 hours), 48 hours, and 72 hours.
Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT)
Tidsramme: Baseline (pre-induction), Post-DOMS induction (24 hours), 48 hours, and 72 hours.
Pressure pain threshold will be measured in kilograms per square centimeter (kg/cm²) using a digital hand-held pressure algometer applied over standardized trigger points in the upper trapezius and levator scapulae muscles. PPT determines the minimum pressure at which a sensation of pressure changes to pain.
Baseline (pre-induction), Post-DOMS induction (24 hours), 48 hours, and 72 hours.

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Green International University

Efterforskere

  • Ledende efterforsker: Iqra Majeed Principal Investigator, Green International University, Lahore, Punjab

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

6. april 2026

Primær færdiggørelse (Faktiske)

29. april 2026

Studieafslutning (Faktiske)

6. maj 2026

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

15. maj 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

21. maj 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

27. maj 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

27. maj 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

21. maj 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. maj 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Nøgleord

Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • GIU/REC/26-25

Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)

Planlægger du at dele individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)?

JA

IPD-planbeskrivelse

Only IPD used in the results publication will be shared

IPD-delingstidsramme

It will be available after the completion of study.

IPD-delingsadgangskriterier

Through the corresponding author.

IPD-deling Understøttende informationstype

  • STUDY_PROTOCOL
  • SAP
  • ICF
  • CSR

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