Risk Stratification Value of Deep NGS-MRD Detection in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients After Allo-HSCT

To assess the risk-stratifying value of deep NGS-MRD detection in high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), this prospective, single-center, observational cohort study plans to enroll 169 patients. Deep NGS-MRD testing will be performed at approximately +3 months after transplantation.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age ≥ 18 years;

2. Diagnosis as high-risk AML meeting at least one of the following criteria:

   1. Adverse group according to the 2022 ELN risk classification;
   2. Failure to achieve molecular remission or MRD positivity before transplantation;

3. Receipt of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT);

4. KPS score ≥ 60;

5. Written informed consent obtained from the patient or legal guardian

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Presence of morphological, flow cytometric, or molecular evidence of relapse at +3 months after transplantation;
2. Concurrent diagnosis of another malignant neoplasm;
3. Poor follow-up compliance or inability to complete NGS testing;
4. Other conditions for which the investigator deems the subject ineligible to participate in this trial.