Effect of increased water intake on plasma copeptin in healthy adults

Guillaume Lemetais, Olle Melander, Mariacristina Vecchio, Jeanne H Bottin, Sofia Enhörning, Erica T Perrier, Guillaume Lemetais, Olle Melander, Mariacristina Vecchio, Jeanne H Bottin, Sofia Enhörning, Erica T Perrier

Abstract

Purpose: Inter-individual variation in median plasma copeptin is associated with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus, progression of chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular events. In this study, we examined whether 24-h urine osmolality was associated with plasma copeptin and whether increasing daily water intake could impact circulating plasma copeptin.

Methods: This trial was a prospective study conducted at a single investigating center. Eighty-two healthy adults (age 23.6 ± 2.9 years, BMI 22.2 ± 1.5 kg/m2, 50% female) were stratified based upon habitual daily fluid intake volumes: arm A (50-80% of EFSA dietary reference values), arm B (81-120%), and arm C (121-200%). Following a baseline visit, arms A and B increased their water intake to match arm C for a period of 6 consecutive weeks.

Results: At baseline, plasma copeptin was positively and significantly associated with 24-h urine osmolality (p = 0.002) and 24-h urine specific gravity (p = 0.003) but not with plasma osmolality (p = 0.18), 24-h urine creatinine (p = 0.09), and total fluid intake (p = 0.52). Over the 6-week follow-up, copeptin decreased significantly from 5.18 (3.3;7.4) to 3.90 (2.7;5.7) pmol/L (p = 0.012), while urine osmolality and urine specific gravity decreased from 591 ± 206 to 364 ± 117 mOsm/kg (p < 0.001) and from 1.016 ± 0.005 to 1.010 ± 0.004 (p < 0.001), respectively.

Conclusions: At baseline, circulating levels of copeptin were positively associated with 24-h urine concentration in healthy young subjects with various fluid intakes. Moreover, this study shows, for the first time, that increased water intake over 6 weeks results in an attenuation of circulating copeptin.

Clinical trial registration number: NCT02044679.

Keywords: Copeptin; Fluid intake; Hydration; Urine osmolality; Water intake.

Conflict of interest statement

This study was funded by Danone Research. GL, MV, JHB, and ETP are full-time employees of Danone Research, France. OM is occasional consultant for Danone Research but did not receive any compensation related to this study. ETP designed the study protocol. GL carried out data analysis and interpretation and wrote the manuscript. MV, JHB, OM, SE, and ETP contributed to data interpretation and reviewed the manuscript.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Study flow diagram
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Association with copeptin at baseline. a Multivariable regression analysis with copeptin as the dependent variable. b 3D plot displaying the correlation between copeptin, POsm, and 24-h UOsm presented as viewed from the front (left) and from above (right). Circulating copeptin increases with increasing 24-h UOsm and POsm. The light-blue to dark-red color gradient reflects the lower to higher copeptin concentration

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Source: PubMed

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