Analgesia Nociception Index: Heart Rate Variability Analysis of Emotional Status

Ruslan Abdullayev, Ercan Yildirim, Bulent Celik, Leyla Topcu Sarica, Ruslan Abdullayev, Ercan Yildirim, Bulent Celik, Leyla Topcu Sarica

Abstract

Background Analgesia nociception index (ANI) has been developed for real-time pain measurement during a surgical procedure under general anesthesia. The index is based on heart rate variability and constitutes a measure of parasympathetic tone. In this paper, we hypothesized that this index could be used as a tool to investigate the process of emotional regulation of a human subject. Materials and methods Twenty adult volunteers were recruited for the study, wherein ANI response to the emotional stimulus was evaluated. An emotional stimulus was obtained through a 60-second music sound record from the song "Ala Gözlerini Sevdiğim Dilber," performed by the Turkish rock band Badem. ANI measurements were obtained before the song presentation (Tpre), at the end of the record presentation (T0), and each minute thereafter until the end of the five-minute observation (T1-T5). Results Twenty participants were investigated; 10 males and 10 females. The mean age of the participants was 17.0 ± 0.9 (min: 16, max: 20). ANI measurements were significantly lower in T0 and T3 compared with Tpre (P = 0.009). The differences between other values were not statistically significant. Conclusion ANI can be used for assessment of parasympathetic changes related to the emotional state of conscious patients.

Keywords: analgesia; analgesia/nociception index; ani; heart rate variability; music; pain.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1. Normalized and filtered RR series…
Figure 1. Normalized and filtered RR series in two different states of analgesia/nociception balance during general anesthesia
A1, A2, A3, and A4 are the areas measuring the respiratory influence in the RR series; upper panel: adequate analgesia; lower panel: light analgesia leading to an increase of heart rate and blood pressure
Figure 2. Physiodoloris monitor
Figure 2. Physiodoloris monitor
Lower scope: ECG signal, middle scope: normalized, mean centered and band-pass-filtered RR series, upper scope: ANI trend curve ECG, electrocardiography; ANI, analgesia nociception index
Figure 3. Electronic module with an ECG…
Figure 3. Electronic module with an ECG amplifier, ADC and computing capabilities and a USB communication port
ECG, electrocardiography; ADC, analog-to-digital converter; USB, universal serial bus
Figure 4. PC screen displaying signals and…
Figure 4. PC screen displaying signals and parameters
PC, personal computer
Figure 5. Box plot for ANI values
Figure 5. Box plot for ANI values
ANI, analgesia nociception index; Tpre, before the record presentation; T0, just after the presentation; T1-T5, at 1st-5th minutes after the presentation. P < 0.05 for T0 and T3 compared with Tpre
Figure 6. Music evaluation according to participants
Figure 6. Music evaluation according to participants

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Source: PubMed

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