Postprandial effects of calcium phosphate supplementation on plasma concentration-double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over human study

Abstract

Background: The aim of the present study was to examine the postprandial calcium and phosphate concentrations after supplementation with pentacalcium hydroxy-triphosphate (CaP).

Methods: Ten men participated in this double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. The participants were divided into two groups. One group consumed bread enriched with CaP (plus 1 g calcium/d) and the other group a placebo product for three weeks. After a two week wash-out, the intervention was switched between the groups for another three weeks. Blood samples were drawn at the beginning (single administration) and at the end (repeated administration) of the intervention periods at 0, 30, 60, 120, 180 and 240 min. Between 0 and 30 min, a test meal, with or without CaP was consumed. The plasma concentrations of calcium and phosphate were examined. One participant dropped out due to personal reasons.

Results: CaP supplementation resulted in a significantly higher plasma calcium concentration after 240 min compared to placebo. After repeated CaP administration, the AUC for the increment in plasma calcium concentration was significantly higher compared to placebo.After single and repeated CaP supplementation, plasma phosphate concentration significantly decreased after 30, 60, 120 and 180 min compared to 0 min. The placebo administration resulted in significant decreases after 30, 60 and 120 min compared to 0 min.

Conclusion: Our results show that CaP contributes to an adequate calcium supply, but without increasing the plasma concentration of phosphate.

Trial registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov; NCT01296997.

Figures

Figure 1

Study flowchart. CaP: pentacalcium hydroxy-triphosphate.

Figure 2

Design of the double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study. wk: week; CaP: pentacalcium hydroxy-triphosphate; blood: blood sampling at time points 0, 30, 60, 120, 180 and 240 minutes; between 0 and 30 minutes, the participants consumed a test meal with or without CaP; DD: defined diet for three days before blood sampling.

Figure 3

Mean plasma calcium and phosphate concentrations and area under the curve from 0 to 240 min for the increment in plasma calcium and phosphate after single and repeated administration of CaP. N = 9; data are expressed as means, areas under the curve are expressed as mean ± standard deviation;▲ significant differences to 0 min after CaP supplementation (p ≤ 0.05); ○ placebo; ● CaP supplementation;∆ significant differences to 0 min after placebo administration (p ≤ 0.05); * significant differences between CaP and placebo administration (p ≤ 0.05); the effects of time and of supplementation were tested with paired Student’s t-test; CaP: pentacalcium hydroxy-triphosphate; AUC: area under the curve.