Longitudinal change in arterial stiffness after delivery in women with preeclampsia and normotension: a prospective cohort study

Sehun Kim, Hyun Ja Lim, Jeung-Ran Kim, Kyung Joon Oh, Joon-Seok Hong, Jung-Won Suh, Sehun Kim, Hyun Ja Lim, Jeung-Ran Kim, Kyung Joon Oh, Joon-Seok Hong, Jung-Won Suh

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia is associated with increased arterial stiffness during pregnancy. However, data on the longitudinal change in arterial stiffness after delivery in women with preeclampsia are lacking. In this pilot study, we aimed to examine the longitudinal change in arterial stiffness using the cardio-ankle vascular index after delivery in women with preeclamptic and normotensive pregnancies.

Methods: We enrolled pregnant women with preeclampsia (n = 37) and normotension (n = 36) who gave birth at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital between March 2013 and May 2016, and followed-up at day 1, 6 months, and 12 months after delivery. The longitudinal change in the cardio-ankle vascular index and other variables (blood pressure, lipid profiles, serum creatinine, and liver enzymes) were compared between the two groups using the mixed-effects model, and interactions among the main predictors were examined.

Results: The longitudinal change in the cardio-ankle vascular index did not significantly differ between the two groups (β = 0.11, 95% CI: - 0.31-0.54, p = 0.60). Predictors of the longitudinal change in the cardio-ankle vascular index included age, time since delivery, body mass index, and diabetes mellitus. Women with preeclampsia showed significantly elevated blood pressure, lipid profiles, serum creatinine, and liver enzymes compared to women with normotension over the course of 1 year of follow-up.

Conclusions: Preeclampsia is associated with unfavorable blood pressure and metabolic indices after delivery. However, we found no difference in the longitudinal change in arterial stiffness between women with preeclampsia and normotension over the course of 1 year after delivery.

Trial registration: Retrospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov on October 29, 2019 ( NCT04142268 ).

Keywords: Blood pressure; Cardio-ankle vascular index; Cardiovascular diseases; Longitudinal change; Preeclampsia; Pregnancy; Vascular stiffness.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Study Flow Chart
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Mean CAVI over time according to group from unadjusted mixed modeling. Data are presented as the mean level ± SE, and significant differences are indicated by double asterisks (** p < 0.05). CAVI, cardio-ankle vascular index; SE, standard error

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Source: PubMed

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