Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer: biomarkers for improved prevention efforts
Vikrant V Sahasrabuddhe, Patricia Luhn, Nicolas Wentzensen, Vikrant V Sahasrabuddhe, Patricia Luhn, Nicolas Wentzensen
Abstract
While organized screening programs in industrialized countries have significantly reduced cervical cancer incidence, cytology-based screening has several limitations. Equivocal or mildly abnormal Pap tests require costly retesting or diagnostic work-up by colposcopy and biopsy. In low-resource countries, it has been difficult to establish and sustain cytology-based programs. Advances in understanding human papillomavirus biology and the natural history of human papillomavirus-related precancers and cancers have led to the discovery of a range of novel biomarkers in the past decade. In this article, we will discuss the potential role of new biomarkers for primary screening, triage and diagnosis in high-resource countries and their promise for prevention efforts in resource constrained settings.
Figures
![Figure 1. Human papillomavirus natural history and…](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3809085/bin/nihms517364f1.jpg)
![Figure 2. Graphical representation of the range…](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3809085/bin/nihms517364f2.jpg)
Source: PubMed