Comparison of eight commercial, high-throughput, automated or ELISA assays detecting SARS-CoV-2 IgG or total antibody

Mary-Anne Trabaud, Vinca Icard, Marie-Paule Milon, Antonin Bal, Bruno Lina, Vanessa Escuret, Mary-Anne Trabaud, Vinca Icard, Marie-Paule Milon, Antonin Bal, Bruno Lina, Vanessa Escuret

Abstract

Background: Many commercial assays, of different designs, detecting SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies exist but with little experience with them.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the performance of assays detecting IgG or total antibodies to N or S antigens, validated for routine use in France, with samples from subjects with more or less severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods: Eight assays were used: Abbott Architect, DiaSorin Liaison®, bioMérieux Vidas®, Roche Elecsys Cobas®, Siemens Atellica®, BioRad Platelia ELISA, Epitope Diagnostics ELISA, and Wantai ELISA. The tested population included 86 samples from 40 hospitalized subjects and 28 outpatients at different time from symptom onset.

Results: The positivity rate varied depending on the assay but was greater for all assays in hospitalized than non-hospitalized patients. Despite a good correlation between the assays, discrepancies occurred, without a systematic origin, even for samples taken more than 20 days after symptom onset. These discrepancies were linked to low antibody levels in pauci-symptomatic patients.

Conclusion: Whichever assay is chosen, a false negative result may need to be ruled out with another test in a risk situation.

Keywords: COVID-19; IgG; Immunoassay; SARS-CoV-2; Serology; Total Ig.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no declarations of interest.

Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Distribution of antibody detection values for the different assays according to the patient population and delay from symptom onset. Each dot represents the value obtained with each serological assay. The assays’ results are presented according to the targeted antigens : S1 or S1+peptide ((A) Diasorin Liaison®, (B) bioMérieux Vidas®); Receptor Binding Domain ((C) Siemens Atellica®, (D) Wantai); or N protein ((E) Abbott Architect, (F) Roche Elecsys Cobas®, (G) Biorad Platelia, (H) Epitope Diagnostics EDI™). Results are expressed as a ratio of the sample signal to cut-off for all tests except the EDI™ assay which is expressed in optical density and the Diasorin Liaison® allowing the quantification of the antibodies in arbitrary units (AU/mL). Detection limit for each test is shown with a discontinued line. Black or red dots are used for samples from health care workers (HCW) or hospitalized (Hosp) patients respectively.

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Source: PubMed

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