An improvement of carotid intima-media thickness and pulse wave velocity in renal transplant recipients

Zhaojun Li, Yan Qin, Lianfang Du, Xianghong Luo, Zhaojun Li, Yan Qin, Lianfang Du, Xianghong Luo

Abstract

Background: Renal transplantation can significantly improve the quality of life of patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) who would otherwise require dialysis. Renal transplant (RT) recipients have higher risks of cardiovascular disease compared with general population. The carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) have been used as the important predicting factor of vascular arteriosclerosis. Therefore, this study was to investigate the improvement of carotid intima-media thickness and pulse wave velocity in renal transplant recipients.

Methods: Thirty-one patients with chronic kidney disease being treated with hemodialysis, 31 renal transplant recipients and 84 healthy control subjects were included to have the clinical evaluations and ultrasonography of bilateral carotid arteries. CIMT and PWV were independently measured by two ultrasonographers using the technique of ultrasonic radiofrequency tracking and correlated with arteriosclerosis risk factors. The progression of CIMT and PWV with age were analyzed by linear regression models, and the slopes of curves were compared using Z test.

Results: Compared with the patients on hemodialysis, the CIMT was significantly lower in renal transplant recipients and healthy control. The PWV were higher in hemodialysis patients and renal transplant recipients than that of the subjects in control group. The progression is CIMT positively corelated with age and cumulative duration in renal transplant recipients and hemodialysis patients. In both hemodialysis patients and renal transplant recipients, age and cumulative time on dialysis were all positively correlated with the increase of PWV as well.

Conclusions: Carotid intima-media thickness and pulse wave velocity is the predicting factors of developing arteriosclerosis, which were improved in renal transplant recipients.

Keywords: Arteriosclerosis; Carotid intima-media thickness; Pulse wave velocity; Renal transplantation.

Conflict of interest statement

Ethics approval and consent to participate

The study was approved by the Ethics Committees of Shanghai General Hospital (2014158). All subjects provided written informed consent before the study.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The Measurement of CIMT and PWV using ultrasonic radiofrequency tracking technique. a Analysis of CIMT and PWV using the ultrasound system equipped with the assoated software. b Magnification of the region of interest. c Ultrasonic RF signal diagram for single IMT point. d Assessment of multipoint IMT on segmental carotid artery
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The linear regression curve of carotid intima-media thickness with age in the three groups. ⋆control group VS. hemodialysis group, ⋇hemodialysis group VS. RT group, #control group VS. RT group
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
The linear regression curve of pulse wave velocity with age in the three groups. ⋆Control group VS. HD group, ⋇HD group VS. RT group, #Control group VS RT group

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Source: PubMed

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