A Comparison of Buprenorphine + Naloxone to Buprenorphine and Methadone in the Treatment of Opioid Dependence during Pregnancy: Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes

Ingunn O Lund, Gabriele Fischer, Gabrielle K Welle-Strand, Kevin E O'Grady, Kimber Debelak, William R Morrone, Hendrée E Jones, Ingunn O Lund, Gabriele Fischer, Gabrielle K Welle-Strand, Kevin E O'Grady, Kimber Debelak, William R Morrone, Hendrée E Jones

Abstract

Given that buprenorphine + naloxone is prescribed for opioid-dependent pregnant women, it is important to examine the extent to which it differs from buprenorphine alone, methadone, or methadone-assisted withdrawal on neonatal and maternal outcomes. Summary statistics on maternal and neonatal outcomes were collected from 7 previously published studies examining treatment for opioid-dependent pregnant women that represented a range of research methodologies. Outcomes from these studies were compared to the same outcomes for 10 women treated with the combined buprenorphine + naloxone product. There were no significant differences in maternal outcomes for buprenorphine + naloxone compared to buprenorphine, methadone, or methadone-assisted withdrawal. Preliminary findings suggest no significant adverse maternal or neonatal outcomes related to the use of buprenorphine + naloxone for the treatment of opioid dependence during pregnancy. However, further research should examine possible differences between buprenorphine + naloxone and buprenorphine alone or methadone in fetal physical development.

Keywords: buprenorphine; methadone; neonates; opioid dependence; pregnancy.

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Source: PubMed

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