Global low back pain prevalence and years lived with disability from 1990 to 2017: estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Aimin Wu, Lyn March, Xuanqi Zheng, Jinfeng Huang, Xiangyang Wang, Jie Zhao, Fiona M Blyth, Emma Smith, Rachelle Buchbinder, Damian Hoy, Aimin Wu, Lyn March, Xuanqi Zheng, Jinfeng Huang, Xiangyang Wang, Jie Zhao, Fiona M Blyth, Emma Smith, Rachelle Buchbinder, Damian Hoy

Abstract

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a common musculoskeletal problem globally. Updating the prevalence and burden of LBP is important for researchers and policy makers. This paper presents, compares and contextualizes the global prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) of LBP by age, sex and region, from 1990 to 2017.

Methods: Data were extracted from the GBD (the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study) 2017 Study. Age, sex and region-specific analyses were conducted to estimate the global prevalence and YLDs of LBP, with the uncertainty intervals (UIs).

Results: The age-standardized point prevalence of LBP was 8.20% (95% UI: 7.31-9.10%) in 1990 and decreased slightly to 7.50% (95% UI: 6.75-8.27%) in 2017. The prevalent numbers of people with LBP at any one point in time in 1990 was 377.5 million, and this increased to 577.0 million in 2017. Age-standardized prevalence of LBP was higher in females than males. LBP prevalence increased with age, and peaked around the ages of 80 to 89 years, and then decreased slightly. Global YLDs were 42.5 million (95% UI: 30.2 million-57.2 million) in 1990 and increased by 52.7% to 64.9 million (95% UI: 46.5 million-87.4 million) in 2017. YLDs were also higher in females than males and increased initially with age; they peaked at 35-39 years of age in 1990, before decreasing, whereas in 2017, they peaked at 45-49 years of age, before decreasing. Western Europe had the highest number of LBP YLDs.

Conclusions: Globally, LBP is the leading global cause of YLDs. Greater attention is urgently needed to mitigate this increasing burden and the impact it is having on health and social systems.

Keywords: Global Burden of Disease Study; Low back pain (LBP); prevalence; years lived with disability (YLDs).

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

2020 Annals of Translational Medicine. All rights reserved.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The flow chart of the YLDs estimation. Map SF-12 to GBD DW: the data were first collected from the short form-12 (SF-12), then, the individual SF-12 summary scores were mapped to an equivalent disability weight (DW); Nonfatal database: low back pain is one type of nonfatal disease, therefore, the data are input into the GBD nonfatal database; The “year” under the prevalence by location/year/age/sex represents the years 1990–2017.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The prevalence trend of low back pain. (A) The age-standardized point prevalence of low back pain from 1990 to 2017, by gender. (B) The estimated prevalent number of people with low back pain from 1990 to 2017, by gender.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The age-specific prevalence of low back pain. (A) The age-specific point prevalence of low back pain in 1990, by gender. (B) The age-specific point prevalence of low back pain in 2017, by gender.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The age-specific number of years lived with disability. (A) The age-specific number of low back pain years lived with disability (with uncertainty intervals) in 1990, by age and gender. (B) The age-specific number of low back pain years lived with disability (with uncertainty intervals) in 2017, by age and gender.

References

    1. Hoy D, Bain C, Williams G, et al. A systematic review of the global prevalence of low back pain. Arthritis Rheum 2012;64:2028-37. 10.1002/art.34347
    1. Deyo RA, Cherkin D, Conrad D, et al. Cost, controversy, crisis: low back pain and the health of the public. Annu Rev Public Health 1991;12:141-56. 10.1146/annurev.pu.12.050191.001041
    1. Maher C, Underwood M, Buchbinder R. Non-specific low back pain. Lancet 2017;389:736-47. 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30970-9
    1. Hoy D, Brooks P, Blyth F, et al. The epidemiology of low back pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2010;24:769-81. 10.1016/j.berh.2010.10.002
    1. Lee H, Hubscher M, Moseley GL, et al. How does pain lead to disability? A systematic review and meta-analysis of mediation studies in people with back and neck pain. Pain 2015;156:988-97.
    1. James SL, Abate D, Abate KH, et al. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 2018;392:1789-858. 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32279-7
    1. Driscoll T, Jacklyn G, Orchard J, et al. The global burden of occupationally related low back pain: estimates from the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study. Ann Rheum Dis 2014;73:975-81. 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204631
    1. Hartvigsen J, Hancock MJ, Kongsted A, et al. What low back pain is and why we need to pay attention. Lancet 2018;391:2356-67. 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30480-X
    1. Buchbinder R, van Tulder M, Öberg B, et al. Low back pain: a call for action. Lancet 2018;391:2384-8. 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30488-4
    1. Hoy D, March L, Brooks P, et al. The global burden of low back pain: estimates from the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study. Ann Rheum Dis 2014;73:968-74. 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204428
    1. Erdem MN, Erken HY, Aydogan M. The effectiveness of non-surgical treatments, re-discectomy and minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in post-discectomy pain syndrome. J Spine Surg 2018;4:414-22. 10.21037/jss.2018.04.02
    1. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet 2016;388:1545-602. 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6
    1. GBD 2016 DALYs and HALE Collaborators. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet 2017;390:1260-344. 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32130-X
    1. GBD 2016 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet 2017;390:1211-59. 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32154-2
    1. GBD 2017 SDG Collaborators. Measuring progress from 1990 to 2017 and projecting attainment to 2030 of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals for 195 countries and territories: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 2018;392:2091-138. 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32281-5
    1. Hoy D, March L, Brooks P, et al. Measuring the global burden of low back pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2010;24:155-65. 10.1016/j.berh.2009.11.002
    1. Wu A, Dong W, Liu S, et al. The prevalence and years lived with disability caused by low back pain in China, 1990 to 2016: findings from the global burden of disease study 2016. Pain 2019;160:237-45. 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001396
    1. Salomon JA, Haagsma JA, Davis A, et al. Disability weights for the Global Burden of Disease 2013 study. Lancet Glob Health 2015;3:e712-23. 10.1016/S2214-109X(15)00069-8
    1. GBD 2017 Mortality Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality and life expectancy, 1950-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 2018;392:1684-735. 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31891-9
    1. GBD 2017 Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 2018;392:1736-88. 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32203-7
    1. Bailey A. Risk factors for low back pain in women: still more questions to be answered. Menopause 2009;16:3-4. 10.1097/gme.0b013e31818e10a7
    1. Wáng YXJ, Wáng JQ, Káplár Z. Increased low back pain prevalence in females than in males after menopause age: evidences based on synthetic literature review. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2016;6:199. 10.21037/qims.2016.04.06
    1. Wang YXJ. Menopause as a potential cause for higher prevalence of low back pain in women than in age-matched men. J Orthop Translat 2016;8:1-4. 10.1016/j.jot.2016.05.012
    1. Hoy DG, Raikoti T, Smith E, et al. Use of The Global Alliance for Musculoskeletal Health survey module for estimating the population prevalence of musculoskeletal pain: findings from the Solomon Islands. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2018;19:292. 10.1186/s12891-018-2198-0
    1. Turk DC, Okifuji A. Psychological factors in chronic pain: evolution and revolution. J Consult Clin Psychol 2002;70:678-90. 10.1037/0022-006X.70.3.678
    1. Rollman GB, Lautenbacher S. Sex differences in musculoskeletal pain. Clin J Pain 2001;17:20-4. 10.1097/00002508-200103000-00004
    1. Dionne CE, Dunn KM, Croft PR. Does back pain prevalence really decrease with increasing age? A systematic review. Age Ageing 2006;35:229-34. 10.1093/ageing/afj055
    1. Urrutia J, Zamora T, Prada C. The prevalence of degenerative or incidental findings in the lumbar spine of pediatric patients: a study using magnetic resonance imaging as a screening tool. Eur Spine J 2016;25:596-601. 10.1007/s00586-015-4099-3
    1. Teraguchi M, Yoshimura N, Hashizume H, et al. Prevalence and distribution of intervertebral disc degeneration over the entire spine in a population-based cohort: the Wakayama Spine Study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2014;22:104-10. 10.1016/j.joca.2013.10.019
    1. Symmons DP, van Hemert AM, Vandenbroucke JP, et al. A longitudinal study of back pain and radiological changes in the lumbar spines of middle aged women. II. Radiographic findings. Ann Rheum Dis 1991;50:162-6. 10.1136/ard.50.3.162
    1. Millecamps M, Tajerian M, Naso L, et al. Lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration associated with axial and radiating low back pain in ageing SPARC-null mice. Pain 2012;153:1167-79. 10.1016/j.pain.2012.01.027
    1. Wang Y, Videman T, Battie MC. ISSLS prize winner: Lumbar vertebral endplate lesions: associations with disc degeneration and back pain history. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2012;37:1490-6. 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3182608ac4
    1. Foster NE, Anema JR, Cherkin D, et al. Prevention and treatment of low back pain: evidence, challenges, and promising directions. Lancet 2018;391:2368-83. 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30489-6
    1. Linton SJ, Nicholas M, Shaw W. Why wait to address high-risk cases of acute low back pain? A comparison of stepped, stratified, and matched care. Pain 2018;159:2437-41. 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001308
    1. Volinn E. The epidemiology of low back pain in the rest of the world. A review of surveys in low- and middle-income countries. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1997;22:1747-54. 10.1097/00007632-199708010-00013
    1. Shiri R, Falah-Hassani K, Heliovaara M, et al. Risk Factors for Low Back Pain: A Population-Based Longitudinal Study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2019;71:290-9. 10.1002/acr.23710
    1. Vlaeyen JWS, Maher CG, Wiech K, et al. Low back pain. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2018;4:52. 10.1038/s41572-018-0052-1
    1. Hoy D, Geere JA, Davatchi F, et al. A time for action: Opportunities for preventing the growing burden and disability from musculoskeletal conditions in low- and middle-income countries. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2014;28:377-93. 10.1016/j.berh.2014.07.006

Source: PubMed

Szponzorok és közreműködők

Egészségi állapot

Kábítószer-beavatkozások

3
Iratkozz fel