The prevalence of Restless Legs Syndrome/Willis-ekbom disease (RLS/WED) in the third trimester of pregnancy: a systematic review

Niloofar Darvishi, Alireza Daneshkhah, Behnam Khaledi-Paveh, Aliakbar Vaisi-Raygani, Masoud Mohammadi, Nader Salari, Fateme Darvishi, Alireza Abdi, Rostam Jalali, Niloofar Darvishi, Alireza Daneshkhah, Behnam Khaledi-Paveh, Aliakbar Vaisi-Raygani, Masoud Mohammadi, Nader Salari, Fateme Darvishi, Alireza Abdi, Rostam Jalali

Abstract

Background: RLS is known as one of the most common movement disorders during pregnancy, which is most aggravated in the third trimester of pregnancy and can affect up to one-third of pregnant women. This study intends to determine the total prevalence of RLS in the third trimester of pregnancy through a systematic review.

Methods: The present study was conducted via meta-analysis method up to 2019. The papers related to the subject of interest were obtained through searching in SID, MagIran, IranDoc, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science (ISI), PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. Heterogeneity of the studies was examined via I2 index, and the data were analyzed in Comprehensive meta-analysis software.

Results: In investigating 10 papers capturing 2431 subjects within the age range of 25-39 years, the total prevalence of RLS in the third trimester of pregnancy based on meta-analysis was obtained as 22.9% (95% CI: 14.7-33.8%). Further, as the sample size increased, the RLS prevalence diminished, while with increase in years, this prevalence increased, where this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: Prevalence of RLS in the third trimester of pregnancy is high, healthcare policymakers should organize educational classes to improve the life dimensions among this group of pregnant women.

Keywords: Pregnancy; Prevalence; Restless legs syndrome; Systematic review.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The flowchart on the stages of including the studies in the systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA 2009)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The funnel plot of the results related to RLS prevalence in the third trimester of pregnancy
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Total prevalence of RLS in the third trimester of pregnancy based on the random model (the black square represents the prevalence rate and length of line the square is situated on shows the 95% confidence interval in each study. The diamond symbol shows the prevalence rate in the whole country for the total studies)
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
The meta-regression diagram of RLS prevalence in the third trimester of pregnancy per sample size
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
The meta-regression diagram of RLS prevalence in the third trimester of pregnancy per year of conducting research

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Source: PubMed

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