Effect of dietary n - 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on oxidant/antioxidant status in macrosomic offspring of diabetic rats

B Guermouche, N A Soulimane-Mokhtari, S Bouanane, H Merzouk, S Merzouk, M Narce, B Guermouche, N A Soulimane-Mokhtari, S Bouanane, H Merzouk, S Merzouk, M Narce

Abstract

The aim of this work was to determine the effect of dietary n - 3 PUFA on oxidant/antioxidant status, in vitro very low and low density lipoprotein (VLDL-LDL), and VLDL-LDL-fatty acid composition in macrosomic pups of diabetic mothers. We hypothesized that n - 3 PUFA would improve oxidative stress in macrosomia. Diabetes was induced in female Wistar rats fed with the ISIO diet (control) or with the EPAX diet (enriched in n - 3 PUFAs), by streptozotocin. The macrosomic pups were killed at birth (day 0) and at adulthood (day 90). Lipid parameters and VLDL-LDL-fatty acid composition were investigated. The oxidant/antioxidant status was determined by measuring plasma oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), hydroperoxides, carbonyl proteins, and VLDL-LDL oxidation. Macrosomic rats of ISIO fed diabetic mothers showed an increase in plasma and VLDL-LDL-triglycerides and VLDL-LDL-cholesterol levels and altered VLDL-LDL-fatty acid composition. Plasma ORAC was low with high hydroperoxide and carbonyl protein levels. The in vitro oxidizability of VLDL-LDL was enhanced in these macrosomic rats. The EPAX diet corrected lipid parameters and improved oxidant/antioxidant status but increased VLDL-LDL susceptibility to oxidation. Macrosomia is associated with lipid abnormalities and oxidative stress. n - 3 PUFA exerts favorable effects on lipid metabolism and on the oxidant/antioxidant status of macrosomic rats. However, there are no evident effects on VLDL-LDL oxidation.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Plasma oxidative stress markers in control and macrosomic rats. Values are means ± SD, n = 8 rats. Day 0: birth; day 90: adulthood; EPAX: EPAX diet; ISIO: ISIO diet; ORAC: oxygen radical absorbance capacity. Significant differences between macrosomic and control rats at each age are indicated as *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01. Significant different values between control diet and EPAX diet groups at each age are indicated as §P < 0.05; §§P < 0.01.

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Source: PubMed

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