MicroRNAs: new biomarkers and therapeutic targets after cardiac arrest?

Yvan Devaux, Pascal Stammet, Hans Friberg, Christian Hassager, Michael A Kuiper, Matt P Wise, Niklas Nielsen, Biomarker subcommittee of TTM trial (Target Temperature Management After Cardiac Arrest, NCT01020916), Yvan Devaux, Pascal Stammet, Hans Friberg, Christian Hassager, Michael A Kuiper, Matt P Wise, Niklas Nielsen, Biomarker subcommittee of TTM trial (Target Temperature Management After Cardiac Arrest, NCT01020916)

Abstract

Despite advances in resuscitation medicine, including target temperature management as part of post-cardiac arrest care, many patients will have a poor neurological outcome, most often resulting in death. It is a commonly held belief that the ability to prognosticate outcome at an early stage after cardiac arrest would allow subsequent health care delivery to be tailored to individual patients. However, currently available predictive methods and biomarkers lack sufficient accuracy and therefore cannot be generally recommended in clinical practice. MicroRNAs have recently emerged as potential biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases. While the biomarker value of microRNAs for myocardial infarction or heart failure has been extensively studied, less attention has been devoted to their prognostic value after cardiac arrest. This review highlights the recent discoveries suggesting that microRNAs may be useful both to predict outcome and to treat patients after cardiac arrest.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01020916.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
MicroRNA biogenesis. miRNA, microRNA; Pol II, polymerase II; RISC, RNA-induced silencing complex. Adapted from Goretti and colleagues [81].
Figure 2
Figure 2
PubMed literature searches of research articles related to microRNAs. (A) Evolution of the number of articles related to microRNAs (miRNAs) in the neurological system. Literature search was performed in PubMed using the query: (microrna OR mirna OR “micro-rna”) AND (brain OR neuron OR neurological OR cerebral). (B) Evolution of the number of articles related to miRNAs in the cardiovascular system. Literature search was performed in PubMed using the query: (microrna OR mirna OR “micro-rna”) AND (heart OR cardiac OR myocardial OR cardiovascular).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Numbers of articles related to microRNAs and their biomarker value, according to cardiovascular disease type. Literature search was performed in PubMed using the query: (microrna OR mirna OR “micro-rna”) AND (biomarker OR diagnostic OR prognostic) AND (name of the specific disease).

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