Do patients with advanced cancer and unmet palliative care needs have an interest in receiving palliative care services?

Abstract

Background: It is not known whether unmet palliative care needs are associated with an interest in palliative care services among patients with advanced cancer receiving ongoing oncology care.

Objective: To assess the association between unmet palliative care needs and patient interest in subspecialty palliative care services.

Design: Cross-sectional telephone survey.

Subjects and setting: One hundred sixty-nine patients with advanced cancer receiving care from 20 oncologists at two academic cancer centers.

Measurements: Surveys assessed palliative care needs in six domains. Patients were read a description of palliative care and then asked three questions about their current interest in subspecialty palliative care services (perceived need, likelihood of requesting, willingness to see if their oncologist recommended; all outcomes on 0-10 Likert scale).

Results: The vast majority of patients described unmet palliative care needs, most commonly related to psychological/emotional distress (62%) and symptoms (62%). In fully adjusted models accounting for clustering by oncologist, unmet needs in these domains were associated with a higher perceived need for subspecialty palliative care services (psychological/emotional needs odds ratio [OR] 1.30; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06-1.58; p=0.01; symptom needs OR 1.27; 95% CI 1.01-1.60; p=0.04). There was no significant association between unmet needs and likelihood of requesting palliative care services. Willingness to see palliative care if oncologist recommended was high (mean 8.6/10, standard deviation [SD] 2).

Conclusion: Patients with advanced cancer and unmet symptom and psychological/emotional needs perceive a high need for subspecialty palliative care services but may not request them. Efforts to increase appropriate use of subspecialty palliative care for cancer may require oncologist-initiated referrals.

Figures

FIG. 1.

Enrollment diagram. (*Patient or family reached, requested call-back, and unable to reach on subsequent attempts).