Meditation Monologue can Reduce Clinical Injection-Related Anxiety: Randomized Controlled Trial

Dai Sugimoto, Nathalie R Slick, David L Mendel, Cynthia J Stein, Emily Pluhar, Joana L Fraser, William P Meehan 3rd, Gianmichel D Corrado, Dai Sugimoto, Nathalie R Slick, David L Mendel, Cynthia J Stein, Emily Pluhar, Joana L Fraser, William P Meehan 3rd, Gianmichel D Corrado

Abstract

Background: Strategies to reduce anxiety prior to injection procedures are not well understood. The purpose is to determine the effect of a meditation monologue intervention delivered via phone/mobile application on pre-injection anxiety levels among patients undergoing a clinical injection. The following hypothesis was tested: patients who listened to a meditation monologue via phone/mobile application prior to clinical injection would experience less anxiety compared to those who did not.

Methods: A prospective, randomized controlled trial was performed at an orthopedics and sports medicine clinic of a tertiary level medical center in the New England region, USA. Thirty patients scheduled for intra- or peri-articular injections were randomly allocated to intervention (meditation monologue) or placebo (nature sounds) group. Main outcome variables were state and trait anxiety inventory (STAI) scores and blood pressure (BP), heart rate, and respiratory rate.

Results: There were 16 participants who were allocated to intervention (meditation monologue) while 14 participants were assigned to placebo (nature sounds). There was no interaction effect. However, a main time effect was found. Both state anxiety (STAI-S) and trait anxiety (STAI-T) scores were significantly reduced post-intervention compared to pre-intervention (STAI-S: p = 0.04, STAI-T: p = 0.04). Also, a statistically significant main group effect was detected. The pre- and post- STAI-S score reduction was greater in the intervention group (p = 0.028). Also, a significant diastolic BP increase between pre- and post-intervention was recorded in the intervention group (p = 0.028), but not in the placebo group (p = 0.999).

Conclusion: Listening to a meditation monologue via phone/mobile application prior to clinical injection can reduce anxiety in adult patients receiving intra- and peri-articular injections. Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02690194.

Keywords: clinical injection; mental status; relaxation.

Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Conflicting Interests: All authors have no conflicting of interests in this study. However, one of the authors, Dr. William P. Meehan III, discloses the following information to keep himself transparent: ABC-Cliopublishing for the sale of the books Kids, Sports and Concussion a Guide for Coaches and Parents, and Concussions; Springer International for the book Head and Neck Injuries in Young Athletes; Wolters Kluwer for working as an author for UpToDate; My research is funded, in part, by philanthropic support from the National Hockey League Alumni Association through the Corey C Griffin Pro-Am tournament and a grant from the National Football League. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties. Peer reviewers on this manuscript have no relevant financial relationships to disclose.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Pre- and post-S-Anxiety scores between intervention (meditation monologue) and placebo (nature sounds).
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Pre- and post-T-Anxiety scores between intervention (meditation monologue) and placebo (nature sounds).
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Pre- and post-systolic BP between intervention (meditation monologue) and placebo (nature sounds).
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Pre- and post-diastolic BP between intervention (meditation monologue) and placebo (nature sounds).
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Pre- and post-heart rate between intervention (meditation monologue) and placebo (nature sounds).
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Pre- and post-respiratory rate between intervention (meditation monologue) and placebo (nature sounds).

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Source: PubMed

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