Applying Recovery Biomarkers to Calibrate Self-Report Measures of Energy and Protein in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani, Pamela A Shaw, William W Wong, Daniela Sotres-Alvarez, Marc D Gellman, Linda Van Horn, Mark Stoutenberg, Martha L Daviglus, Judith Wylie-Rosett, Anna Maria Siega-Riz, Fang-Shu Ou, Ross L Prentice, Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani, Pamela A Shaw, William W Wong, Daniela Sotres-Alvarez, Marc D Gellman, Linda Van Horn, Mark Stoutenberg, Martha L Daviglus, Judith Wylie-Rosett, Anna Maria Siega-Riz, Fang-Shu Ou, Ross L Prentice

Abstract

We investigated measurement error in the self-reported diets of US Hispanics/Latinos, who are prone to obesity and related comorbidities, by background (Central American, Cuban, Dominican, Mexican, Puerto Rican, and South American) in 2010-2012. In 477 participants aged 18-74 years, doubly labeled water and urinary nitrogen were used as objective recovery biomarkers of energy and protein intakes. Self-report was captured from two 24-hour dietary recalls. All measures were repeated in a subsample of 98 individuals. We examined the bias of dietary recalls and their associations with participant characteristics using generalized estimating equations. Energy intake was underestimated by 25.3% (men, 21.8%; women, 27.3%), and protein intake was underestimated by 18.5% (men, 14.7%; women, 20.7%). Protein density was overestimated by 10.7% (men, 11.3%; women, 10.1%). Higher body mass index and Hispanic/Latino background were associated with underestimation of energy (P<0.05). For protein intake, higher body mass index, older age, nonsmoking, Spanish speaking, and Hispanic/Latino background were associated with underestimation (P<0.05). Systematic underreporting of energy and protein intakes and overreporting of protein density were found to vary significantly by Hispanic/Latino background. We developed calibration equations that correct for subject-specific error in reporting that can be used to reduce bias in diet-disease association studies.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02060344.

Keywords: 24-hour dietary recall; Hispanics/Latinos; biological markers; calibration equations; dietary measurement error; nutrition assessment.

© The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Study of Latinos: Nutrition and Physical Activity Assessment Study (SOLNAS) procedures, 2010–2012. Invitation letter and telephone screening for SOLNAS occurred 12 months after the parent study visit for the San Diego site. DLW, doubly labeled water; GPAQ, Global Physical Activity Questionnaire; HCHS, Hispanic Community Health Study; SOL, Study of Latinos. Actical is an accelerometer that converts accelerations to a unit called “counts” over a given time period (1 minute) (Phillips Respironics, Bend, Oregon).
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Comparison of the logarithm (log) of visit 1 and visit 3 measures (n = 96 and n = 90 for energy and protein, respectively), Study of Latinos: Nutrition and Physical Activity Assessment Study, 2010–2012. A) Biomarker energy (kcal), correlation = 0.81; B) 24-HR energy intake (kcal), correlation = 0.58; C) biomarker protein (g/day), correlation = 0.66; D) 24-HR protein intake (g/day), correlation = 0.51; E) biomarker protein density (percentage of energy derived from protein), correlation = 0.59; F) 24-HR protein density (percentage of energy derived from protein), correlation = 0.24. DLW, doubly labeled water; 24 HR, 24-hour dietary recall; UN, urinary nitrogen.

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Source: PubMed

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