Prevalence of childhood and adolescence epilepsy in Upper Egypt (desert areas)

Wafaa M Farghaly, Mohamed A Abd Elhamed, Enas M Hassan, Wael T Soliman, Mohamed A Yhia, Nermin A Hamdy, Wafaa M Farghaly, Mohamed A Abd Elhamed, Enas M Hassan, Wael T Soliman, Mohamed A Yhia, Nermin A Hamdy

Abstract

Background: A high prevalence of epilepsy in children is frequently found in developing countries.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and clinical pattern of childhood and adolescence epilepsy in Upper Egypt.

Methods: This is a door-to-door study conducted on all inhabitants < 18 years in Al Kharga district and Al Qusier city (36,195 subjects). The study was conducted through two stages; every stage consisted of two phases (screening and diagnostic).

Results: Lifetime prevalence of childhood and adolescence epilepsy (children < 18 years) in Upper Egypt was 9.7/1000, with higher prevalence among children < 12 years (10.8/1000) than adolescents (7.2/1000). The age-specific prevalence was highest in early childhood (12.01/1000) and least at adolescence (7.2/1000). More than half of the patients (59.4%) had idiopathic epilepsy. The most frequent etiology for structural/metabolic epilepsy was perinatal complications, particularly in infancy, followed by central nervous system (CNS) infections, in childhood, and post-traumatic epilepsy in adolescence. Partial seizures were more frequent in infancy, while generalized seizures were more frequent in late childhood and adolescence. Generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) were the most frequent type of seizures.

Conclusion: Prevalence of childhood and adolescence epilepsy in Upper Egypt was not so much different from other developing countries. Idiopathic epilepsy was more prevalent than structural/metabolic cases. Perinatal complications, CNS infections, and head injury were the most frequent etiologies, and generalized tonic-clonic seizures were the most frequent seizure type.

Keywords: Childhood epilepsy; Epidemiology; Upper Egypt.

Conflict of interest statement

The study was approved by the institutional ethics committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, ethics approval number R0290N2009. A written consent was taken from all of the participants after explaining the details, benefits, and risks to them.Not applicable in this section.The authors declare that they have no competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

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Source: PubMed

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