Hyaluronic acid reduces inflammation and crevicular fluid IL-1β concentrations in peri-implantitis: a randomized controlled clinical trial

Elena Sánchez-Fernández, Antonio Magán-Fernández, Francisco O'Valle, Manuel Bravo, Francisco Mesa, Elena Sánchez-Fernández, Antonio Magán-Fernández, Francisco O'Valle, Manuel Bravo, Francisco Mesa

Abstract

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of hyaluronic acid (HA) on peri-implant clinical variables and crevicular concentrations of the proinflammatory biomarkers interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in patients with peri-implantitis.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in peri-implantitis patients. Patients were randomized to receive a 0.8% HA gel (test group), an excipient-based gel (control group 1), or no gel (control group 2). Clinical periodontal variables and marginal bone loss after 0, 45, and 90 days of treatment were assessed. IL-1β and TNF-α levels in crevicular fluid were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays at baseline and after 45 days of treatment. Clustering analysis was performed, considering the possibility of multiple implants in a single patient.

Results: Sixty-one patients with 100 dental implants were assigned to the test group, control group 1, or control group 2. Probing pocket depth (PPD) was significantly lower in the test group than in both control groups at 45 days (control 1: 95% CI, -1.66, -0.40 mm; control 2: 95% CI, -1.07, -0.01 mm) and 90 days (control 1: 95% CI, -1.72, -0.54 mm; control 2: 95% CI, -1.13, -0.15 mm). There was a trend towards less bleeding on probing in the test group than in control group 2 at 90 days (P=0.07). Implants with a PPD ≥5 mm showed higher levels of IL-1β in the control group 2 at 45 days than in the test group (P=0.04).

Conclusions: This study demonstrates for the first time that the topical application of a HA gel in the peri-implant pocket and around implants with peri-implantitis may reduce inflammation and crevicular fluid IL-1β levels.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03157193.

Keywords: Clinical trial; Dental implants; Hyaluronic acid; Peri-implantitis.

Conflict of interest statement

This study was supported by Ricerfarma srl. (Milan, Italy) in collaboration with Research Group #CTS 583 (Junta de Andalucía, Spain) (reference: OTRI-3300). The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest, either directly or indirectly, with any of the companies or products listed in the study.

Copyright © 2021. Korean Academy of Periodontology.

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Source: PubMed

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