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Comparative Analysis of Dry Needling Techniques for Orofacial Myofascial Pain

2026年7月21日 更新者:Flávio Magno Gonçalves

Comparative Analysis of the Effectiveness and Comfort of Different Dry Needling Techniques in the Treatment of Orofacial Myofascial Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial

This study aims to compare the clinical effectiveness and individual comfort of three distinct dry needling techniques (dynamic, static, and hybrid) for managing orofacial myofascial pain. Myofascial pain is a highly prevalent manifestation of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), characterized by painful trigger points in the masticatory muscles, such as the masseter and temporalis, which cause pain, muscle tenderness, and jaw movement limitations. While dry needling is widely recognized as an effective minimally invasive therapy to deactivate these trigger points, there is still a lack of consensus in scientific literature regarding the standardization of application protocols.

To address this gap, this randomized, triple-blind, parallel-group clinical trial will enroll 45 individuals diagnosed with myofascial pain according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD). Participants will be randomly allocated into three equal groups (15 individuals per group): Group 1 will receive dynamic dry needling (fanning technique); Group 2 will receive static dry needling (needle kept in situ for 10 minutes); and Group 3 will receive a hybrid approach (combining an initial static period followed by dynamic manipulation).

The primary outcome will evaluate changes in self-reported pain intensity using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) from baseline to 7 days post-intervention. Secondary outcomes will assess changes in pressure pain thresholds (PPT) via digital algometry, mandibular range of motion via digital caliper measurements, and the subjective perception of comfort and acceptability of each technique. Evaluations will be conducted at baseline, immediately post-intervention, at 7 days, and at 15 days of follow-up. The findings are expected to contribute to the standardization of more effective and comfortable clinical protocols for managing orofacial pain.

調査の概要

状態

まだ募集していません

条件

介入・治療

研究の種類

介入

入学 (推定)

45

段階

  • 適用できない

連絡先と場所

このセクションには、調査を実施する担当者の連絡先の詳細と、この調査が実施されている場所に関する情報が記載されています。

研究連絡先

研究場所

    • Paraná
      • Curitiba、Paraná、ブラジル、80430140
        • Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of the Temporomandibular Joint, Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná (CDATM-UTP)
        • コンタクト:

参加基準

研究者は、適格基準と呼ばれる特定の説明に適合する人を探します。これらの基準のいくつかの例は、人の一般的な健康状態または以前の治療です。

適格基準

就学可能な年齢

  • 大人
  • 高齢者

健康ボランティアの受け入れ

はい

説明

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Clinical diagnosis of Myofascial Pain (with or without referred pain) in the masseter and/or temporalis muscles according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) Axis I
  • Presence of at least one active trigger point in a taut band reproducing the chief complaint
  • Baseline pain intensity ≥ 2 on the VAS in the last two weeks
  • Confirmed pressure pain threshold (PPT ≤ 1.5 kg/cm²)
  • Signed informed consent form

Exclusion Criteria:

  • TMD treatment in the last 3 months (physical therapy, needling, laser therapy) or Botulinum Toxin injection in the orofacial region within 12 months
  • Continuous systemic use of analgesics, anti-inflammatories, or muscle relaxants
  • Diagnosis of fibromyalgia, systemic rheumatic diseases, neurological disorders, or neuropathic pain
  • Needle phobia (belonephobia), coagulation disorders, or use of anticoagulant drugs
  • Active skin or odontogenic infections in the application area
  • History of recent facial trauma or orthognathic/joint surgery
  • Pregnancy

研究計画

このセクションでは、研究がどのように設計され、研究が何を測定しているかなど、研究計画の詳細を提供します。

研究はどのように設計されていますか?

デザインの詳細

  • 主な目的:処理
  • 割り当て:ランダム化
  • 介入モデル:並列代入
  • マスキング:ダブル

武器と介入

参加者グループ / アーム
介入・治療
アクティブコンパレータ:Dynamic Dry Needling
Individuals will receive fast-in and fast-out needle manipulation (Hong's technique) in a fanning shape inside the trigger point of the masseter and/or temporalis muscles. The procedure continues until local twitch responses cease or the individual's tolerance limit is reached.

Dry needling therapy targeted at active myofascial trigger points in masseter and temporalis muscles. Sterile, disposable, stainless steel needles (0.25x25mm or 0.25x30mm) will be used based on muscle depth. Procedures will be performed by a single operator with the individual in a supine position, following strict 70% alcohol antisepsis.

Mechanical manipulation follows three randomized protocols:

  • Dynamic: Fast-in and fast-out needle manipulation (Hong's technique) in a fanning shape until local twitch responses cease or tolerance limit is reached.
  • Static: Direct insertion into the trigger point, remaining completely static in situ for 10 minutes without further stimulation.
  • Hybrid: Direct needle insertion kept static for 5 minutes for initial desensitization, followed by a brief period of dynamic fanning manipulation.
アクティブコンパレータ:Static Dry Needling
The needle will be inserted directly into the core of the active trigger point in the masseter and/or temporalis muscles and will remain completely static in situ for 10 minutes, focusing on neurophysiological modulation without further mechanical stimulation.

Dry needling therapy targeted at active myofascial trigger points in masseter and temporalis muscles. Sterile, disposable, stainless steel needles (0.25x25mm or 0.25x30mm) will be used based on muscle depth. Procedures will be performed by a single operator with the individual in a supine position, following strict 70% alcohol antisepsis.

Mechanical manipulation follows three randomized protocols:

  • Dynamic: Fast-in and fast-out needle manipulation (Hong's technique) in a fanning shape until local twitch responses cease or tolerance limit is reached.
  • Static: Direct insertion into the trigger point, remaining completely static in situ for 10 minutes without further stimulation.
  • Hybrid: Direct needle insertion kept static for 5 minutes for initial desensitization, followed by a brief period of dynamic fanning manipulation.
アクティブコンパレータ:Hybrid Dry Needling
A combination protocol where the needle is inserted into the trigger point and kept static for 5 minutes for initial desensitization, followed by a brief period of dynamic fanning manipulation (fast-in and fast-out).

Dry needling therapy targeted at active myofascial trigger points in masseter and temporalis muscles. Sterile, disposable, stainless steel needles (0.25x25mm or 0.25x30mm) will be used based on muscle depth. Procedures will be performed by a single operator with the individual in a supine position, following strict 70% alcohol antisepsis.

Mechanical manipulation follows three randomized protocols:

  • Dynamic: Fast-in and fast-out needle manipulation (Hong's technique) in a fanning shape until local twitch responses cease or tolerance limit is reached.
  • Static: Direct insertion into the trigger point, remaining completely static in situ for 10 minutes without further stimulation.
  • Hybrid: Direct needle insertion kept static for 5 minutes for initial desensitization, followed by a brief period of dynamic fanning manipulation.

この研究は何を測定していますか?

主要な結果の測定

結果測定
メジャーの説明
時間枠
Change from Baseline in Self-Reported Orofacial Pain Intensity
時間枠:Baseline (T0) and 7 days post-intervention (T2). (This is the primary endpoint to identify mid-term clinical relevance).
Evaluated using a 100 mm Visual Analog Scale (VAS), where 0 mm indicates "no pain" and 100 mm indicates the "worst imaginable pain". The individual marks their current pain perception on the scale. The score is determined by measuring the distance from the left anchor to the individual's mark.
Baseline (T0) and 7 days post-intervention (T2). (This is the primary endpoint to identify mid-term clinical relevance).

二次結果の測定

結果測定
メジャーの説明
時間枠
Change from Baseline in Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT)
時間枠:Baseline (T0), 7 days post-intervention (T2), and 15 days post-intervention (T3).
Measured using a calibrated digital pressure algometer equipped with a 1 cm² rubber tip applied perpendicularly over the active trigger point. Pressure increases constantly at a rate of 1.5 kg/cm²/second until the individual reports that the pressure sensation turns into pain. Higher values (in kg/cm²) indicate lower mechanical pain sensitivity.
Baseline (T0), 7 days post-intervention (T2), and 15 days post-intervention (T3).
Change from Baseline in Mandibular Range of Motion
時間枠:Baseline (T0), 7 days post-intervention (T2), and 15 days post-intervention (T3).
Functional assessment measuring maximum functional mouth opening, maximum assisted mouth opening, protrusion, and lateralities (all in millimeters) using a high-precision digital caliper.
Baseline (T0), 7 days post-intervention (T2), and 15 days post-intervention (T3).

協力者と研究者

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研究記録日

これらの日付は、ClinicalTrials.gov への研究記録と要約結果の提出の進捗状況を追跡します。研究記録と報告された結果は、国立医学図書館 (NLM) によって審査され、公開 Web サイトに掲載される前に、特定の品質管理基準を満たしていることが確認されます。

主要日程の研究

研究開始 (推定)

2026年8月1日

一次修了 (推定)

2026年12月1日

研究の完了 (推定)

2027年4月1日

試験登録日

最初に提出

2026年7月9日

QC基準を満たした最初の提出物

2026年7月9日

最初の投稿 (実際)

2026年7月15日

学習記録の更新

投稿された最後の更新 (実際)

2026年7月23日

QC基準を満たした最後の更新が送信されました

2026年7月21日

最終確認日

2026年7月1日

詳しくは

本研究に関する用語

その他の研究ID番号

  • NEC 02

個々の参加者データ (IPD) の計画

個々の参加者データ (IPD) を共有する予定はありますか?

未定

IPD プランの説明

I will analyze any request and will decide later

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