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Effect of Hot Spring Therapy on Central Fatigue Elimination During Altitude Training (HSCF-AHT)

2026年5月22日 更新者：Ziyue Ou、Macao Polytechnic University

A Randomized Controlled Trial Investigating the Effects of Hot Spring Therapy Balneotherapy on Central Activation, Cognitive Function, and Exercise Performance in Adolescent Rowers During Altitude Training

This randomized controlled trial investigates the effects of hot spring balneotherapy on central fatigue elimination in adolescent rowers undergoing altitude training at approximately 1600 meters (Tengchong, Yunnan). Thirty adolescent athletes (aged 12-16 years) will be stratified by sex and randomly allocated to three groups: Group A (natural recovery, no immersion), Group B (38°C pure water immersion), and Group C (38°C sodium bicarbonate hot spring immersion). Interventions will be administered 3 times per week for 4 weeks. The primary outcomes are central fatigue indices including voluntary activation (VA) and central activation ratio (CAR). Secondary outcomes encompass cognitive function (Stroop test, Psychomotor Vigilance Test), cerebral hemodynamics (functional near-infrared spectroscopy, transcranial Doppler ultrasound), exercise performance (maximal oxygen uptake, 1000m test, 500m test), blood lactate, and hematological parameters (white blood cells, neutrophils, platelets).

調査の概要

状態

募集

条件

介入・治療

詳細な説明

Altitude training induces central fatigue characterized by decreased descending neural drive from the brain to skeletal muscle, reduced voluntary activation, and impaired cognitive function. This study employs a stratified randomized block design to evaluate whether post-exercise hot spring immersion can accelerate central fatigue recovery compared to pure warm water immersion and natural recovery. All participants will undergo standardized rowing training at approximately 1600 meters altitude. Group C will receive immersion in natural hot spring water at 38°C for 20 minutes. Group B will receive immersion in pure water at the same temperature and duration as a thermal control. Group A will undergo standard training recovery without immersion. The study incorporates partial blinding: Groups B and C are single-blinded to participants (identical appearance and protocol); Group A serves as an open-label control. Assessments will be conducted at baseline (pre-altitude), mid-intervention (Week 2), end-intervention (Week 4), and follow-up (1-2 weeks post-altitude).

研究の種類

介入

入学 (推定)

27

段階

  • 適用できない

連絡先と場所

このセクションには、調査を実施する担当者の連絡先の詳細と、この調査が実施されている場所に関する情報が記載されています。

研究連絡先

研究場所

参加基準

研究者は、適格基準と呼ばれる特定の説明に適合する人を探します。これらの基準のいくつかの例は、人の一般的な健康状態または以前の治療です。

適格基準

就学可能な年齢

  • 子

健康ボランティアの受け入れ

はい

説明

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Male or female aged 12-16 years- Healthy with no serious chronic diseases or skin conditions
  • At least 1 year of systematic rowing training experience
  • Currently undergoing centralized altitude training at approximately 1600 meters- No history of systematic hot spring or spa immersion within the past month
  • No allergy history to sodium bicarbonate or hot spring minerals- Ability to provide written informed assent (participant) and written informed consent (parent/guardian)- No acute infection, fracture, or surgery within the past month
  • Not currently taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), immunosuppressants, or medications affecting autonomic or cognitive function

Exclusion Criteria:

  • History of cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, endocrine, or neurological disorders- Uncontrolled hypertension or hypotension
  • History of syncope, heat intolerance, or severe dizziness during hot water immersion- Open wounds, severe eczema, or other skin conditions contraindicating water immersion
  • Current use of beta-blockers, anticholinergics, stimulants, sedatives, or other medications affecting central nervous system function
  • Color blindness or uncorrected visual impairment affecting Stroop test performance- Pregnancy (for female participants)- Alcohol consumption or smoking
  • Shift work or trans-meridian travel within 2 weeks prior to baseline assessment
  • Any condition deemed by the investigator as unsafe for participation

研究計画

このセクションでは、研究がどのように設計され、研究が何を測定しているかなど、研究計画の詳細を提供します。

研究はどのように設計されていますか？

デザインの詳細

  • 主な目的：処理
  • 割り当て：ランダム化
  • 介入モデル：並列代入
  • マスキング：独身

武器と介入

参加者グループ / アーム
介入・治療
アクティブコンパレータ：Natural Recovery Group
Participants in Group A will undergo standardized rowing training at approximately 1600 meters altitude for 4 weeks. After each training session, participants will receive standard training recovery procedures without any water immersion intervention. Recovery includes passive rest, self-directed light stretching, and ad libitum hydration in a thermoneutral environment (room temperature 24°C) for 20 minutes. No thermal or hydrotherapy intervention will be provided.
行動：Natural recovery
Standard post-exercise recovery without water immersion. Participants rest passively in a thermoneutral environment (24°C, 50-60% humidity) for 20 minutes with ad libitum water and optional self-directed stretching. No heat, cold, or hydrotherapy interventions are applied.
他の名前：
  • NR
アクティブコンパレータ：Hot water immersion group
Subjects in Group B will undergo the same standardized rowing training at an altitude of approximately 1600 meters for 4 weeks. After each training session, subjects will receive whole-body immersion (below the neck, with the head above water) in daily tap water at 38°C ± 0.5°C for 20 minutes. The water temperature is monitored by a precision thermometer with an error of ≤ ±0.5°C. The immersion is conducted in a standardized indoor facility, and the time is 16:00 on Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday.
行動：Hot water immersion
After exercise, full-body immersion in daily tap water. Temperature: 38°C ± 0.5°C. Duration: 20 minutes per session, 3 times per week (Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday at 16:00), for 4 consecutive weeks (total of 12 sessions). Protocol: Full-body immersion below the neck for 20 minutes, followed by a 10-minute rest before leaving the facility.
他の名前：
  • HWI
実験的：Hot Spring Immersion Group
Participants in Group C will undergo the same standardized rowing training at approximately 1600 meters altitude for 4 weeks. After each training session, participants will receive full-body immersion (below neck, head above water) in natural hot spring water at 38°C ± 0.5°C for 20 minutes. The spring water has a pH of approximately 7.4, Na+ content of 1210 mg/L, and HCO3- content of approximately 3300 mg/L. Immersion will be performed in a standardized indoor facility on Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday at 16:00, using the same protocol as Group B to maintain blinding.
行動：Hot spring balneotherapy
After exercise, full-body immersion in natural hot spring water (pH approx. 7.4, Na+ 1210 mg/L, HCO3- approx. 3300 mg/L, total dissolved solids >1000 mg/L). Temperature: 38°C ± 0.5°C. Duration: 20 minutes per session, 3 times per week (Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday at 16:00), for 4 consecutive weeks (12 sessions total). Protocol: Full-body immersion below the neck for 20 minutes, followed by a 10-minute rest before leaving the facility.
他の名前：
  • HSB

この研究は何を測定していますか？

主要な結果の測定

結果測定
メジャーの説明
時間枠
Voluntary Activation
時間枠：Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 3, Week 4 (post-intervention), Follow-up (Week 1-2 post-altitude)
Voluntary activation assessed by the interpolated twitch technique (ITT) during maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of the quadriceps femoris using percutaneous electrical stimulation. A single stimulus is superimposed on MVC; VA is calculated as: VA = (1 - superimposed twitch force / potentiated resting doublet force) × 100%. Higher VA indicates greater central neural drive. Unit: percentage (%).
Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 3, Week 4 (post-intervention), Follow-up (Week 1-2 post-altitude)
Central Activation Ratio
時間枠：Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 3, Week 4, Follow-up (Week 5-6 post-altitude)
Central activation ratio measured as the ratio of maximal voluntary contraction force to the force evoked by supramaximal electrical stimulation of the femoral nerve during quadriceps contraction. CAR = MVC force / (MVC force + superimposed twitch force). Values closer to 1.0 indicate less central fatigue. Unit: ratio (0-1, no units).
Baseline (Week 0), Week 2, Week 3, Week 4, Follow-up (Week 5-6 post-altitude)

二次結果の測定

結果測定
メジャーの説明
時間枠
Stroop Test Performance
時間枠：Baseline, Week 2,Week 4, Follow-up (Week 1-2 post-altitude)
Computerized Stroop Color-Word Test measuring executive function and cognitive inhibition. Outcome variables: reaction time (ms) for congruent and incongruent trials, with interference effect calculated as incongruent minus congruent reaction time. Administered in a quiet, temperature-controlled room (22-24°C). Unit: milliseconds (ms).
Baseline, Week 2,Week 4, Follow-up (Week 1-2 post-altitude)
Cerebral Oxygenation
時間枠：Baseline, Week 2, fellow up
Changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (Hb) in the prefrontal cortex during rest and cognitive tasks, measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) with a multichannel system. Outcome: relative concentration changes (ΔμM) in HbO2 and Hb from baseline. Unit: micromolar (μM).
Baseline, Week 2, fellow up
Psychomotor Vigilance Test
時間枠：Baseline, Week 2, Week 3, Week 4, Follow-up (Week 1-2 post-altitude)
5-minute Psychomotor Vigilance Test measuring sustained attention and psychomotor vigilance. Outcome variables: mean response time, and number of lapses (reaction time >500 ms). Administered via standardized software on a tablet/computer in a quiet environment. Unit: milliseconds (ms).
Baseline, Week 2, Week 3, Week 4, Follow-up (Week 1-2 post-altitude)
Maximal Oxygen Uptake (VO2max)
時間枠：Baseline (Week 0), Follow-up (Week 5-6 post-altitude)
Maximal oxygen uptake measured during a graded exercise test on a rowing ergometer using a portable metabolic cart. Protocol: incremental ramp test (starting at 100W, increasing 20W every 2 minutes) until volitional exhaustion. Unit: mL/kg/min.
Baseline (Week 0), Follow-up (Week 5-6 post-altitude)
White Blood Cell Count (WBC)
時間枠：Baseline, Week 2, Follow up (Week 5-6 post-altitude)
Total white blood cell count measured from fasting venous blood sample using automated hematology analyzer. Unit: 10^9 cells per liter (10^9/L).
Baseline, Week 2, Follow up (Week 5-6 post-altitude)
Neutrophil Count (NEUT)
時間枠：Baseline, Week 2, Follow-up (Week 5-6 post-altitude)
Absolute neutrophil count measured from fasting venous blood sample using automated hematology analyzer. Unit: 10^9/L. Baseline, Week 4 11 Platelet Count (PLT) Platelet count measured from fasting venous blood sample using automated hematology analyzer. Unit: 10^9/L.
Baseline, Week 2, Follow-up (Week 5-6 post-altitude)

協力者と研究者

ここでは、この調査に関係する人々や組織を見つけることができます。

スポンサー

Macao Polytechnic University

出版物と役立つリンク

研究に関する情報を入力する責任者は、自発的にこれらの出版物を提供します。これらは、研究に関連するあらゆるものに関するものである可能性があります。

一般刊行物

研究記録日

これらの日付は、ClinicalTrials.gov への研究記録と要約結果の提出の進捗状況を追跡します。研究記録と報告された結果は、国立医学図書館 (NLM) によって審査され、公開 Web サイトに掲載される前に、特定の品質管理基準を満たしていることが確認されます。

主要日程の研究

研究開始 (推定)

2026年5月25日

一次修了 (推定)

2026年6月25日

研究の完了 (推定)

2026年6月25日

試験登録日

最初に提出

2026年5月19日

QC基準を満たした最初の提出物

2026年5月22日

最初の投稿 (実際)

2026年5月29日

学習記録の更新

投稿された最後の更新 (実際)

2026年5月29日

QC基準を満たした最後の更新が送信されました

2026年5月22日

最終確認日

2026年5月1日

詳しくは

本研究に関する用語

キーワード

追加の関連 MeSH 用語

その他の研究ID番号

  • 202502AS100005-2

個々の参加者データ (IPD) の計画

個々の参加者データ (IPD) を共有する予定はありますか?

未定

IPD プランの説明

The project is still ongoing, and there are no current plans to contribute the data. Whether to share it will be considered after the data is officially published.

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この情報は、Web サイト clinicaltrials.gov から変更なしで直接取得したものです。研究の詳細を変更、削除、または更新するリクエストがある場合は、register@clinicaltrials.gov。 までご連絡ください。 clinicaltrials.gov に変更が加えられるとすぐに、ウェブサイトでも自動的に更新されます。

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