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Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (FDG PET) Findings in Patients With Phenylketonuria Before and After KUVAN Therapy (PKU)

2015년 5월 12일 업데이트: Children's Hospital of Philadelphia

A Pilot Study of FDG PET Findings in Patients With Phenylketonuria Before and After BH4 Supplementation

The aim of this pilot study is to determine if there are any changes in brain glucose metabolism in the gray matter of patients with Phenylketonuria (PKU) and whether administration of Sapropterin (KUVAN) therapy can improve such deficits.

연구 개요

상태

완전한

정황

개입 / 치료

상세 설명

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an autosomal recessive disorder resulting from a deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase, which converts phenylalanine to tyrosine. Phenylalanine hydroxylase is one of the three aromatic amino acid hydroxylases that utilizes tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) as cofactor. The published reports indicate that there is altered energy metabolism in the brain of patients with PKU. Phenylalanine and its metabolites appear to impair several aspects of brain energetics including: (1) Inhibition of glucose uptake; (2) diminished glycosylation of cytoskeletal proteins; (3) Inhibition of pyruvate kinase; and (4) reduced flux through the glycolysis. Studies in vivo with magnetic resonance spectroscopy have demonstrated phenylalanine-responsive abnormalities in cerebral energy metabolism.

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scanning with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG-PET) is a non-invasive method that measures regional glucose metabolic rate with high resolution and absolute quantitation. To date this technology has been used only for single case reports or the investigation of white matter abnormalities in small numbers of patients with PKU.

The aim of this pilot study is to determine if there are any changes in brain glucose metabolism in the gray matter of patients with PKU and whether Sapropterin (KUVAN) can improve such deficits. This study will also elucidate the relationship between hyperphenylalaninemia, phenylalanine intake in diet, altered brain glucose handling and the neurocognitive profile of the patients with PKU before and after KUVAN therapy.

연구 유형

중재적

등록 (실제)

6

단계

  • 해당 없음

연락처 및 위치

이 섹션에서는 연구를 수행하는 사람들의 연락처 정보와 이 연구가 수행되는 장소에 대한 정보를 제공합니다.

연구 장소

  • 미국
    • Pennsylvania
      • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 미국, 19106
        • Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Section of Metabolism,PKU program

참여기준

연구원은 적격성 기준이라는 특정 설명에 맞는 사람을 찾습니다. 이러한 기준의 몇 가지 예는 개인의 일반적인 건강 상태 또는 이전 치료입니다.

자격 기준

공부할 수 있는 나이

18년 (성인)

건강한 자원 봉사자를 받아들입니다

아니

연구 대상 성별

모두

설명

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Males or females over the age of 18 years
  2. Subject must be able to give independent informed consent
  3. Girls must have a negative urine pregnancy test and must use an acceptable method of contraception, including abstinence, a barrier method (diaphragm or condom), Depo-Provera, or an oral contraceptive, for the duration of the study.
  4. Subject must have a confirmed diagnosis of PKU
  5. Subjects with Phenylalanine (Phe) levels over 10 mg/dL
  6. Subjects naïve to KUVAN therapy or has not received KUVAN in the 6 months before screening

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Pregnancy
  2. Cognitive deficits resulting from physical trauma (e.g. subject with history of severe birth trauma).
  3. Neurologic comorbidities including a history of a stroke or a seizure disorder.
  4. Laboratory abnormalities that indicate clinically significant hepatic disease Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)> 2.0 times the upper limit of normal, Alanine transaminase (ALT) > 2.0 times the upper limit of normal, Prothrombin Time (PT) > 2.0 times the upper limit of normal, Partial Thromboplastin Time(PTT) > 2.0 times the upper limit of normal
  5. Subjects using medications such as steroids, insulin and glucagons that may interfere with the results of PET scan.
  6. Subjects using medications that inhibit folate metabolism such as methotrexate
  7. Subjects using medications known to affect nitric oxide-mediated vasorelaxation.
  8. Subjects using Levodopa
  9. Treatment with KUVAN in the past 6 months before study entry.
  10. Treatment with any investigational product in the last 90 days before study entry

공부 계획

이 섹션에서는 연구 설계 방법과 연구가 측정하는 내용을 포함하여 연구 계획에 대한 세부 정보를 제공합니다.

연구는 어떻게 설계됩니까?

디자인 세부사항

  • 주 목적: 치료
  • 할당: 해당 없음
  • 중재 모델: 단일 그룹 할당
  • 마스킹: 하나의

무기와 개입

참가자 그룹 / 팔
개입 / 치료
실험적: Sapropterin (KUVAN)
All subjects will receive Sapropterin (KUVAN) therapy at a dose of 20/mk/kg/day for four months.
의약품: Sapropterin
All subjects will receive 20 mg/kg/day Sapropterin (KUVAN) for four months. Subjects will be examined with fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) brain imaging, physical and neurological exam, blood tests for phenylalanine (Phe) and tyrosine levels, and neuropsychological testing before and 4 months after KUVAN therapy. Subjects Phe and tyrosine levels will be monitored weekly during the study and subjects will keep 3-day diet records to allow for calculation of Phe intake.
다른 이름들:
  • BH4
  • 쿠반

연구는 무엇을 측정합니까?

주요 결과 측정

결과 측정
측정값 설명
기간
Plasma Phenylalanine Level (mg/dl)
기간: Measurements were obtained at the beginning and conclusion of each study period (baseline and 4 months)
Plasma phenylalanine level (mg/dl) served as the primary means of evaluating brain glucose metabolism before and after sapropterin (KUVAN) therapy. Blood tests for phenylalanine levels (Phe) were collected before and 4 months after sapropterin (KUVAN) therapy. All subjects received KUVAN at a dose of 20/mg/kg/day for four months. The goal was to estimate the change in blood glucose metabolism after treatment with Sapropterin (if any), with the hypothesis that treatment would decrease plasma Phe levels.
Measurements were obtained at the beginning and conclusion of each study period (baseline and 4 months)

2차 결과 측정

결과 측정
측정값 설명
기간
Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT) Total Recall
기간: Measures were obtained at the beginning and conclusion of each study period (baseline and 4 months)
The Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT) is a neuropsychological test designed to assess verbal memory. The test consists of 12 nouns (targets) with four words drawn from each of three semantic categories. Raw scores are derived for Total Recall (across three learning trials), Delayed Recall (after 20-25 minute delay), Retention (% retained), and a Recognition Discrimination Index (true positives minus false positives). The maximum total for each recall trial (Learning Trials 1 to 3, Delayed Recall Trial 4) is 12. Raw scores are converted to "T-scores" by means of age-based tables provided in test manual (T-scores can go from 0 - 100, with higher scores correlating with higher verbal memory function). Median HVLT Total Recall and HVLT Delayed Recall T-scores at baseline and 4 months after Sapropterin therapy were compared.
Measures were obtained at the beginning and conclusion of each study period (baseline and 4 months)
Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT) Delayed Recall
기간: Measures were obtained at the beginning and conclusion of each study period (baseline and 4 months)
The Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT) is a neuropsychological test designed to assess verbal memory. The test consists of 12 nouns (targets) with four words drawn from each of three semantic categories. Raw scores are derived for Total Recall (across three learning trials), Delayed Recall (after 20-25 minute delay), Retention (% retained), and a Recognition Discrimination Index (true positives minus false positives). The maximum total for each recall trial (Learning Trials 1 to 3, Delayed Recall Trial 4) is 12. Raw scores are converted to "T-scores" by means of age-based tables provided in test manual (T-scores can go from 0 - 100, with higher scores correlating with higher verbal memory function). Median HVLT Total Recall and HVLT Delayed Recall T-scores at baseline and 4 months after Sapropterin therapy were compared.
Measures were obtained at the beginning and conclusion of each study period (baseline and 4 months)
Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (PASAT)
기간: Measures were obtained at the beginning and conclusion of each study period (baseline and 4 months)
The Adapted Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (PASAT) is a measure of cognitive function that specifically assesses auditory information processing speed and flexibility, as well as calculation ability. For Rates #1 and #2, single digits are presented every 3 seconds and the patient must add each new digit to the one immediately prior to it. The score for PASAT is the total number of correct answers (out of 60, for a total possible score ranging from 0-60 with higher score preferred as it indicates higher auditory processing speed) for each trial. All scores are expressed as "z-scores" which are generated based on norms for 101 healthy adults, with separate norms for <12 years of education versus >12years of education. Using a reference population as a basis of comparison, the "z-score" is the number of standard deviations the score is above (positive) or below (negative) the mean of the reference population (zero). Possible z-scores lie on a continuous scale.
Measures were obtained at the beginning and conclusion of each study period (baseline and 4 months)
Symbol-Digit Modalities Test (SMTD)
기간: Measures were obtained at the beginning and conclusion of each study period (baseline and 4 months)
The symbol-digit modalities test (SDMT) was developed to identify individuals with neurological impairment. The SDMT requires individuals to identify nine different symbols corresponding to the numbers 1 through 9, and to practice writing the correct number under the corresponding symbol. Then they manually fill the blank space under each symbol with the corresponding number. A second oral administration is then completed. The participant is given a blank copy of the test and asked to state the correct number for each corresponding symbol. The participant is given 90 s to complete each of these administrations. A written and oral score is calculated by totaling the number of correct answers for each section. The score is the number of correctly coded items from 0-110 in 90 seconds, with a higher score representing less neurological impairment with respect to attention, scanning abilities and motor skills. The total raw score was used for purposes of this study.
Measures were obtained at the beginning and conclusion of each study period (baseline and 4 months)
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV)-Digit Span
기간: Measures were obtained at the beginning and conclusion of each study period (baseline and 4 months)
The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) is a test designed to measure intelligence in adults and older adolescents. It is composed of 10 core subtests and five supplemental subtests, with the 10 core subtests comprising the Full Scale intelligence quotient (IQ). Contained within the WAIS is an assessment of digit-coding which consists of nine digit-symbol pairs followed by a list of digits. Under each digit the subject should write down the corresponding symbol as fast as possible. The number of correct symbols within the allowed time (e.g. 90 or 120 sec) is measured, with a higher score representative of a higher performance component of IQ/intelligence.
Measures were obtained at the beginning and conclusion of each study period (baseline and 4 months)
Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System Verbal Fluency Subtest (D-KEFS)
기간: Measures were obtained at the beginning and conclusion of each study period (baseline and 4 months)
The Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) is a neuropsychological test is used to measure a variety of verbal and nonverbal executive functions for both children and adults. Among the 9 subtests is the Verbal Fluency Test which measures letter fluency, category fluency, and category switching. Verbal Fluency Test. This subtest requires an individual to randomly generate words based upon given parameters (ex., as words beginning with the letter F) and the believed areas of executive function assessed are cognitive flexibility, response inhibition, and verbal fluency. Raw scores are calculated based on the number of correct answers, which are then converted to scaled scores with a mean of 10 and standard deviation of 3. Higher scaled score represents a higher level of executive verbal and nonverbal function.
Measures were obtained at the beginning and conclusion of each study period (baseline and 4 months)

공동 작업자 및 조사자

여기에서 이 연구와 관련된 사람과 조직을 찾을 수 있습니다.

스폰서

Children's Hospital of Philadelphia

수사관

  • 수석 연구원: Can Ficicioglu, MD, PhD, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia,University of Pennsylvania

연구 기록 날짜

이 날짜는 ClinicalTrials.gov에 대한 연구 기록 및 요약 결과 제출의 진행 상황을 추적합니다. 연구 기록 및 보고된 결과는 공개 웹사이트에 게시되기 전에 특정 품질 관리 기준을 충족하는지 확인하기 위해 국립 의학 도서관(NLM)에서 검토합니다.

연구 주요 날짜

연구 시작

2010년 3월 1일

기본 완료 (실제)

2011년 7월 1일

연구 완료 (실제)

2011년 9월 1일

연구 등록 날짜

최초 제출

2009년 9월 28일

QC 기준을 충족하는 최초 제출

2009년 9월 29일

처음 게시됨 (추정)

2009년 9월 30일

연구 기록 업데이트

마지막 업데이트 게시됨 (추정)

2015년 6월 8일

QC 기준을 충족하는 마지막 업데이트 제출

2015년 5월 12일

마지막으로 확인됨

2015년 5월 1일

추가 정보

이 연구와 관련된 용어

키워드

추가 관련 MeSH 약관

기타 연구 ID 번호

  • IRB 09-007154

이 정보는 변경 없이 clinicaltrials.gov 웹사이트에서 직접 가져온 것입니다. 귀하의 연구 세부 정보를 변경, 제거 또는 업데이트하도록 요청하는 경우 register@clinicaltrials.gov. 문의하십시오. 변경 사항이 clinicaltrials.gov에 구현되는 즉시 저희 웹사이트에도 자동으로 업데이트됩니다. .

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