소아암 생존자의 건강 활성화, 대처 및 스트레스를 개선하기 위한 마음챙김 중재

실험적: Single-arm, Within-subject Feasibility Pilot:

Single-arm, within-subject feasibility pilot: Participants completed a 30-day app-based mindfulness intervention with wearable biosensor monitoring, ecological momentary assessment, surveys, and blood specimen collection.

장치: Headspace

The intervention was delivered via the Headspace mobile application. The basic application program includes daily 10-minute sessions in guided mindfulness meditation that include mindful breathing, body awareness, emotion and thought recognition, and attentional control

Mindfulness App Adherence

Mindfulness app adherence was defined as the proportion of participants who completed at least 4 meditation sessions on average during the 30-day intervention.

Intervention Acceptability

Treatment Acceptability and Adherence Scale - Participants will rate on a 0 ("Strongly disagree") to 7 ("Strongly agree") scale regarding their perceptions of acceptability of the mindfulness intervention (10 items). Scores range from 0-70. An overall score is provided with higher scores indicating higher intervention acceptability.

Ecological Momentary Assessment Data Collection Acceptability

An adapted version of the Treatment Acceptability and Adherence Scale was created to evaluate ecological momentary assessment acceptability (7 items). Scores range from 0-49. An overall score is provided with higher scores indicating higher intervention acceptability.

Biosensor (Wrist-worn Device) Adherence

Biosensor adherence was defined as the proportion of participants who wore the wrist-worn biosensor for at least 10 hours per day across the approximately 37-day study window.

Perceived Stress Scale

This measure is a 10-item, widely used and validated assessment of stress and efficacy of managing stress. The Participants are asked to respond to each question on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (never) to 4 (very often), indicating how often they have felt or thought a certain way within the past month. A single score is provided and ranges from 0 to 40. Higher scores indicate higher levels of stress.

Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (COPE)

The Brief COPE is a validated measure of coping strategies. Six subscales were included in this analysis: behavioral disengagement, planning, positive reframing, meditation/religious coping, self-blame, and emotional support. Participants rated each item on a 4-point Likert scale, and subscale scores range from 2 to 8 for each domain, with higher scores indicating greater use of the given coping strategy. Higher scores are not uniformly better or worse outcomes because interpretation depends on the coping strategy; for example, higher planning, positive reframing, and emotional support generally reflect greater use of adaptive coping strategies, whereas higher behavioral disengagement and self-blame reflect greater use of maladaptive coping strategies.

Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein was measured from dried blood spot specimens as a biomarker of oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein particles. Values are reported in units per liter. Higher values indicate greater oxidized low-density lipoprotein concentrations.

Pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide

Pro-B-type natriuretic peptide was measured from dried blood spot specimens as a biomarker related to cardiac wall stress. Values are reported as log-transformed concentrations in picograms per milliliter (log pg/mL). Higher values indicate higher pro-B-type natriuretic peptide concentrations.

P-selectin

P-selectin was measured from dried blood spot specimens as a biomarker of platelet activation and vascular inflammation. Values are reported as log-transformed concentrations in picograms per milliliter (log pg/mL). Higher values indicate higher P-selectin concentrations.

Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1

Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 was measured from dried blood spot specimens as a biomarker of endothelial activation and vascular inflammation. Values are reported in nanograms per milliliter. Higher values indicate higher vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 concentrations.

Homocysteine

Homocysteine was measured from dried blood spot specimens as a biomarker related to vascular and cardiometabolic risk. Values are reported in micromoles per liter. Higher values indicate higher homocysteine concentrations.

High-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein

High-sensitivity C-reactive protein was measured from dried blood spot specimens as a biomarker of systemic inflammation. Values are reported in milligrams per liter. Higher values indicate higher systemic inflammation.