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A Real-world Study of Immunotherapy Combination Regimens for Treating Liver Cancer in Cold Regions

2026년 6월 8일 업데이트: Yingjian Liang, Harbin Medical University
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common global malignancy. In China, the disease burden is substantial: HCC ranks fifth in cancer incidence and third in mortality, with a 5-year relative survival of only 14.4%. In Northeast China's cold regions, metabolic diseases such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes are prevalent and may influence HCC prognosis. Recently, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor-based combination regimens (with targeted therapy, chemotherapy, or locoregional treatment) have achieved major breakthroughs, significantly extending overall and progression-free survival. These regimens have become the first-line backbone for unresectable HCC. Investigating their real-world effectiveness and safety is critical for optimizing regional treatment strategies.

연구 개요

상태

모집하지 않고 적극적으로

정황

개입 / 치료

상세 설명

This open-label, multicenter, retrospective real-world study aims to enroll 1000 patients with confirmed HCC, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, or mixed cell carcinoma who have long-term residence in Northeast China (annual mean temperature 1.6°C-10°C) and have received immune-based combination therapy. Patient data will be retrospectively collected from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2025. Based on treatment stage, patients will be assigned to 1 of 4 cohorts: perioperative (neoadjuvant/adjuvant), locoregional therapy, first-line advanced, or later-line advanced. This noninterventional study does not alter routine clinical practice; data are derived from medical records. The primary objective is to evaluate real-world effectiveness and safety of immune-based combinations. The primary endpoint is overall survival (OS). Secondary endpoints include objective response rate (rwORR), progression-free survival (rwPFS), disease control rate (rwDCR), duration of response (rwDOR), and safety (AE, SAE, irAE rates). The findings aim to provide real-world evidence for immunotherapy in HCC across Northeast China.

연구 유형

관찰

등록 (추정된)

1000

연락처 및 위치

이 섹션에서는 연구를 수행하는 사람들의 연락처 정보와 이 연구가 수행되는 장소에 대한 정보를 제공합니다.

연구 장소

  • 중국
    • Heilongjiang
      • Harbin, Heilongjiang, 중국, 150081
        • Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China

참여기준

연구원은 적격성 기준이라는 특정 설명에 맞는 사람을 찾습니다. 이러한 기준의 몇 가지 예는 개인의 일반적인 건강 상태 또는 이전 치료입니다.

자격 기준

공부할 수 있는 나이

  • 어린이
  • 성인
  • 고령자

건강한 자원 봉사자를 받아들입니다

아니

샘플링 방법

비확률 샘플

연구 인구

Patients with a clinically confirmed diagnosis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), or combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA), with measurable tumor lesions.

설명

Inclusion Criteria

  1. Patients with a clinically confirmed diagnosis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, or combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma, with measurable tumor lesions.
  2. Patients who have long-term residence in the cold regions of Northeast China, specifically in provinces with an annual mean temperature between 1.6°C and 10°C: Heilongjiang Province, Jilin Province, and selected cities in Liaoning Province.
  3. Patients who have received an immune-based therapy regimen.
  4. Patients with complete clinical data who meet the enrollment criteria, retrospectively collected from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2025.

Exclusion Criteria

  1. Patients with concurrent other malignancies.
  2. Patients who are confirmed pregnant or breastfeeding.
  3. Any other conditions that, in the investigator's judgment, make the patient unsuitable for participation in this study.

공부 계획

이 섹션에서는 연구 설계 방법과 연구가 측정하는 내용을 포함하여 연구 계획에 대한 세부 정보를 제공합니다.

연구는 어떻게 설계됩니까?

디자인 세부사항

코호트 및 개입

그룹/코호트
개입 / 치료
Perioperative Therapy Cohort
Patients receiving immune-based combination therapy as neoadjuvant or adjuvant treatment.
의약품: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Immunotherapy:

PD-1 inhibitors (e.g., pembrolizumab, nivolumab, camrelizumab, sintilimab) and other immune checkpoint inhibitors; PD-L1 inhibitors (e.g., atezolizumab, durvalumab, adebrelimab) and other immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Targeted therapy:

Lenvatinib, donafenib, sorafenib, apatinib, bevacizumab, and other targeted therapy agents.

Chemotherapy:

Oxaliplatin-based and other systemic chemotherapy regimens.

Locoregional therapy:

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI), cryoablation, external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), and internal radiotherapy.

Other regimens selected/recommended by investigators:

Including but not limited to traditional Chinese medicine preparations and other antitumor therapies.

Treatment options include immunotherapy alone, immunotherapy combined with targeted therapy, or immunotherapy combined with locoregional thera
Locoregional Therapy Combined Cohort
Patients receiving immune-based combination therapy combined with locoregional therapies such as ablation, TACE, HAIC, or radiotherapy.
의약품: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Immunotherapy:

PD-1 inhibitors (e.g., pembrolizumab, nivolumab, camrelizumab, sintilimab) and other immune checkpoint inhibitors; PD-L1 inhibitors (e.g., atezolizumab, durvalumab, adebrelimab) and other immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Targeted therapy:

Lenvatinib, donafenib, sorafenib, apatinib, bevacizumab, and other targeted therapy agents.

Chemotherapy:

Oxaliplatin-based and other systemic chemotherapy regimens.

Locoregional therapy:

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI), cryoablation, external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), and internal radiotherapy.

Other regimens selected/recommended by investigators:

Including but not limited to traditional Chinese medicine preparations and other antitumor therapies.

Treatment options include immunotherapy alone, immunotherapy combined with targeted therapy, or immunotherapy combined with locoregional thera
First-Line Advanced Cohort
Patients with advanced HCC who have received no prior systemic therapy and receive immune-based combination as first-line treatment.
의약품: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Immunotherapy:

PD-1 inhibitors (e.g., pembrolizumab, nivolumab, camrelizumab, sintilimab) and other immune checkpoint inhibitors; PD-L1 inhibitors (e.g., atezolizumab, durvalumab, adebrelimab) and other immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Targeted therapy:

Lenvatinib, donafenib, sorafenib, apatinib, bevacizumab, and other targeted therapy agents.

Chemotherapy:

Oxaliplatin-based and other systemic chemotherapy regimens.

Locoregional therapy:

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI), cryoablation, external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), and internal radiotherapy.

Other regimens selected/recommended by investigators:

Including but not limited to traditional Chinese medicine preparations and other antitumor therapies.

Treatment options include immunotherapy alone, immunotherapy combined with targeted therapy, or immunotherapy combined with locoregional thera
Later-Line Advanced Cohort
Patients with advanced HCC who have progressed after at least one prior systemic therapy and receive immune-based combination as subsequent treatment.
의약품: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Immunotherapy:

PD-1 inhibitors (e.g., pembrolizumab, nivolumab, camrelizumab, sintilimab) and other immune checkpoint inhibitors; PD-L1 inhibitors (e.g., atezolizumab, durvalumab, adebrelimab) and other immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Targeted therapy:

Lenvatinib, donafenib, sorafenib, apatinib, bevacizumab, and other targeted therapy agents.

Chemotherapy:

Oxaliplatin-based and other systemic chemotherapy regimens.

Locoregional therapy:

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI), cryoablation, external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), and internal radiotherapy.

Other regimens selected/recommended by investigators:

Including but not limited to traditional Chinese medicine preparations and other antitumor therapies.

Treatment options include immunotherapy alone, immunotherapy combined with targeted therapy, or immunotherapy combined with locoregional thera

연구는 무엇을 측정합니까?

주요 결과 측정

결과 측정
측정값 설명
기간
Overall Survival
기간: From start of treatment to death or last follow-up, assessed up to 36 months.
Time from initiation of immune-based combination therapy to death from any cause
From start of treatment to death or last follow-up, assessed up to 36 months.

2차 결과 측정

결과 측정
측정값 설명
기간
Real-World Progression-Free Survival (rwPFS)
기간: From start of treatment to progression or death, assessed up to 36 months.
Time from treatment initiation to first documented disease progression or death, based on real-world clinical assessment.
From start of treatment to progression or death, assessed up to 36 months.
Real-World Objective Response Rate (rwORR)
기간: From start of treatment to end of treatment, assessed up to 36 months.
Proportion of patients with best overall response of complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) based on real-world clinical assessment.
From start of treatment to end of treatment, assessed up to 36 months.
Real-World Best Overall Response (rwBOR)
기간: From start of treatment to end of treatment, assessed up to 36 months.
Best tumor response recorded during treatment, including CR, PR, SD, PD, or NE based on real-world clinical assessment.
From start of treatment to end of treatment, assessed up to 36 months.
Real-World Disease Control Rate (rwDCR)
기간: From start of treatment to end of treatment, assessed up to 36 months
Proportion of patients with best overall response of CR, PR, or stable disease (SD) based on real-world clinical assessment.
From start of treatment to end of treatment, assessed up to 36 months
Real-World Duration of Response (rwDOR)
기간: From first response to progression or death, assessed up to 36 months.
Time from first documented CR or PR to disease progression or death, assessed in patients who achieved objective response.
From first response to progression or death, assessed up to 36 months.
AE Incidence
기간: From first dose to 90 days after last dose of immunotherapy or 30 days after last dose of antiangiogenic agents, whichever is later.
Incidence and severity of adverse events (AEs), serious adverse events (SAEs), and immune-related adverse events (irAEs), graded by NCI-CTCAE v6.0.
From first dose to 90 days after last dose of immunotherapy or 30 days after last dose of antiangiogenic agents, whichever is later.

공동 작업자 및 조사자

여기에서 이 연구와 관련된 사람과 조직을 찾을 수 있습니다.

스폰서

Harbin Medical University

협력자

The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University
First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute

연구 기록 날짜

이 날짜는 ClinicalTrials.gov에 대한 연구 기록 및 요약 결과 제출의 진행 상황을 추적합니다. 연구 기록 및 보고된 결과는 공개 웹사이트에 게시되기 전에 특정 품질 관리 기준을 충족하는지 확인하기 위해 국립 의학 도서관(NLM)에서 검토합니다.

연구 주요 날짜

연구 시작 (실제)

2026년 5월 13일

기본 완료 (추정된)

2028년 5월 13일

연구 완료 (추정된)

2029년 5월 13일

연구 등록 날짜

최초 제출

2026년 6월 8일

QC 기준을 충족하는 최초 제출

2026년 6월 8일

처음 게시됨 (실제)

2026년 6월 12일

연구 기록 업데이트

마지막 업데이트 게시됨 (실제)

2026년 6월 12일

QC 기준을 충족하는 마지막 업데이트 제출

2026년 6월 8일

마지막으로 확인됨

2026년 6월 1일

추가 정보

이 연구와 관련된 용어

키워드

추가 관련 MeSH 약관

기타 연구 ID 번호

  • HLJ-HCC-RWS-001

개별 참가자 데이터(IPD) 계획

개별 참가자 데이터(IPD)를 공유할 계획입니까?

아니요

약물 및 장치 정보, 연구 문서

미국 FDA 규제 의약품 연구

아니

미국 FDA 규제 기기 제품 연구

아니

이 정보는 변경 없이 clinicaltrials.gov 웹사이트에서 직접 가져온 것입니다. 귀하의 연구 세부 정보를 변경, 제거 또는 업데이트하도록 요청하는 경우 register@clinicaltrials.gov. 문의하십시오. 변경 사항이 clinicaltrials.gov에 구현되는 즉시 저희 웹사이트에도 자동으로 업데이트됩니다. .

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