Chewing Gum Effect in Reducing Orthodontic Pain After Separator and Initial Arch Wire Placement
5 april 2021 bijgewerkt door: University of Malaya
The Effect of the Chewing Gum in Alleviating Orthodontic Pain After Separator and Initial Arch Wire Placement: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Pain is the most claimed complaint from orthodontic treatment.
Fear of pain has contributed to patients' avoidance of seeking orthodontic treatment, affects patients' compliance to treatment and even becomes the main reason for discontinuing orthodontic treatment.
For years, orthodontic patients have reported using analgesics during orthodontic treatment to ease the pain.
However, analgesics have many side effects such as allergic reactions, bleeding disorders, gastric ulcers, liver toxicity and their potential influence in slowing down tooth movement.
This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of chewing gums in pain reduction in Malaysian multi-ethnic orthodontic patients and to explore the possibility of chewing gum to be recommended as a suitable substitute for analgesics in our future practice.
Studie Overzicht
Toestand
Werving
Conditie
Interventie / Behandeling
Gedetailleerde beschrijving
Orthodontic treatment have been shown to cause varying degrees of discomforts and pain to the patients. Fear of pain has contributed to patients' avoidance of seeking orthodontic treatment, affect patients' compliance to the treatment and even become a main reason of discontinuing orthodontic treatment. Patients have reported using of analgesic particularly NSAIDS and Paracetamol during orthodontic treatment to ease the pain. However, NSAIDS have been associated with various side effects such as allergic reactions, bleeding disorders and gastric ulcers had raised the concern of orthodontists. Studies on animals have shown that NSAIDS slower the rate of tooth movement, hence affecting orthodontic treatment efficacy. Paracetamol have been reported to cause liver toxicity in the case of over dosage.
The action of chewing the gum can produce forces to temporary displace the teeth sufficiently to allow blood flow through compressed area, preventing the build-up of metabolic products, thus reduce the pain severity. In addition, non-sugared chewing gum has anti-caries effect which is very important to prevent caries formation during orthodontic treatment.
This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of chewing gum in pain reduction in orthodontic patients and to explore the possibility of chewing gum to be recommended as a suitable substitute for analgesics in future practice.
Studietype
Ingrijpend
Inschrijving (Verwacht)
108
Fase
- Niet toepasbaar
Contacten en locaties
In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.
Studiecontact
- Naam: Poon Pei San
- Telefoonnummer: 0127691145
- E-mail: peisanpss@gmail.com
Studie Contact Back-up
- Naam: Siti Adibah Othman, Prof
- Telefoonnummer: 012-2635088
- E-mail: sitiadibah@um.edu.my
Studie Locaties
-
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Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur
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Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Maleisië, 50603
- Werving
- Postgraduate Orthodontic Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, University Malaya
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Contact:
- Pei San Poon
- Telefoonnummer: 0127691145
- E-mail: peisanpss@gmail.com
-
-
Deelname Criteria
Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.
Geschiktheidscriteria
Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie
16 jaar en ouder (Kind, Volwassen, Oudere volwassene)
Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers
Ja
Geslachten die in aanmerking komen voor studie
Allemaal
Beschrijving
Inclusion Criteria:
- Patients about to undergo orthodontic treatment with maxillary and mandibular fixed appliances
- Orthodontic treatment include the extraction of the permanent first or second premolars
- Age 16 years and above
Exclusion Criteria:
- Significant medical problem or cleft lip and palate.
- Pregnant lady
- Occurrence of using analgesics or antibiotics
- History of asthma or unstable asthma the last year
- Oral surgery in the previous 4 weeks
Studie plan
Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.
Hoe is de studie opgezet?
Ontwerpdetails
- Primair doel: Behandeling
- Toewijzing: Gerandomiseerd
- Interventioneel model: Parallelle opdracht
- Masker: Dubbele
Wapens en interventies
Deelnemersgroep / Arm |
Interventie / Behandeling |
|---|---|
|
Experimenteel: intervention group
Participants will receive Wrigley Extra Strawberry Flavour Sugar Free Chewing Gum.
They will be instructed to chew the gum for pain relief after the separator and initial arch wire placement if required.
Chew the gums for 10-12 minutes and as much as they want whenever they feel discomfort or pain.
They are free to take any medication when necessary and respond to the questionnaires on the amount of chewing gum and analgesics used.
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Wrigley Extra Strawberry Flavour Sugar Free Chewing Gum 65g 40 pieces
|
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Geen tussenkomst: Control group
Participants will not receive any prescription after the separators and initial arch wires placement.
They will be specifically asked not to chew chewing gum.
As in the intervention group, they can take any medication when they feel necessary and respond to the questionnaires on the amount of analgesics used.
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Wat meet het onderzoek?
Primaire uitkomstmaten
Uitkomstmaat |
Maatregel Beschrijving |
Tijdsspanne |
|---|---|---|
|
Pain assessment after separators and initial arch wire placement.
Tijdsspanne: At 6 hours after separators and initial arch wire placement.
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Level of pain on the Numerical pain rating scale (NRS)
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At 6 hours after separators and initial arch wire placement.
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Pain assessment after separators and initial arch wire placement.
Tijdsspanne: At 24 hours after separators and initial arch wire placement.
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Level of pain on the Numerical pain rating scale (NRS)
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At 24 hours after separators and initial arch wire placement.
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Pain assessment after separators and initial arch wire placement.
Tijdsspanne: At 48 hours after separators and initial arch wire placement.
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Level of pain on the Numerical pain rating scale (NRS)
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At 48 hours after separators and initial arch wire placement.
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Secundaire uitkomstmaten
Uitkomstmaat |
Maatregel Beschrijving |
Tijdsspanne |
|---|---|---|
|
Reported use of chewing gum and analgesics.
Tijdsspanne: Immediately after the separator and archwire placements until up to 6 hours
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Amount of chewing gums and medications consumed after the separator and initial arch wire placement
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Immediately after the separator and archwire placements until up to 6 hours
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Reported use of chewing gum and analgesics.
Tijdsspanne: from 6 hours to 24 hours after the separator and archwire placements
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Amount of chewing gums and medications consumed after the separator and initial arch wire placement
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from 6 hours to 24 hours after the separator and archwire placements
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Reported use of chewing gum and analgesics.
Tijdsspanne: from 24 hours to 48 hours after the separator and archwire placements
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Amount of chewing gums and medications consumed after the separator and initial arch wire placement
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from 24 hours to 48 hours after the separator and archwire placements
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Recorded appliances breakages.
Tijdsspanne: Immediately after the separator and archwire placements until 2 days after the separator and archwire placement
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Frequency of appliances breakages
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Immediately after the separator and archwire placements until 2 days after the separator and archwire placement
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Medewerkers en onderzoekers
Hier vindt u mensen en organisaties die betrokken zijn bij dit onderzoek.
Sponsor
Onderzoekers
- Studie directeur: Siti Adibah Othman, Prof, Faculty Of Dentistry, University of Malaya
- Studie directeur: Zamros Yuzadi Mohd Yusof, Prof, Faculty Of Dentistry, University of Malaya
- Hoofdonderzoeker: Poon Pei San, Faculty Of Dentistry, University of Malaya
Publicaties en nuttige links
De persoon die verantwoordelijk is voor het invoeren van informatie over het onderzoek stelt deze publicaties vrijwillig ter beschikking. Dit kan gaan over alles wat met het onderzoek te maken heeft.
Algemene publicaties
- Salmassian R, Oesterle LJ, Shellhart WC, Newman SM. Comparison of the efficacy of ibuprofen and acetaminophen in controlling pain after orthodontic tooth movement. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009 Apr;135(4):516-21. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2007.05.020.
- Benson PE, Razi RM, Al-Bloushi RJ. The effect of chewing gum on the impact, pain and breakages associated with fixed orthodontic appliances: a randomized clinical trial. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2012 Aug;15(3):178-87. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-6343.2012.01546.x. Epub 2012 Jun 22.
- Ireland AJ, Ellis P, Jordan A, Bradley R, Ewings P, Atack NE, Griffiths H, House K, Moore M, Deacon S, Wenger N, Worth V, Scaysbrook E, Sandy JR. Comparative assessment of chewing gum and ibuprofen in the management of orthodontic pain with fixed appliances: A pragmatic multicenter randomized controlled trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2016 Aug;150(2):220-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.02.018.
- Kehoe MJ, Cohen SM, Zarrinnia K, Cowan A. The effect of acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and misoprostol on prostaglandin E2 synthesis and the degree and rate of orthodontic tooth movement. Angle Orthod. 1996;66(5):339-49. doi: 10.1043/0003-3219(1996)0662.3.CO;2.
- Xiaoting L, Yin T, Yangxi C. Interventions for pain during fixed orthodontic appliance therapy. A systematic review. Angle Orthod. 2010 Sep;80(5):925-32. doi: 10.2319/010410-10.1.
Studie record data
Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.
Bestudeer belangrijke data
Studie start (Werkelijk)
6 maart 2019
Primaire voltooiing (Verwacht)
1 augustus 2021
Studie voltooiing (Verwacht)
1 augustus 2021
Studieregistratiedata
Eerst ingediend
5 november 2020
Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria
5 april 2021
Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)
8 april 2021
Updates van studierecords
Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)
8 april 2021
Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria
5 april 2021
Laatst geverifieerd
1 april 2021
Meer informatie
Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie
Trefwoorden
Andere studie-ID-nummers
- DGD170001
Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)
Bent u van plan om gegevens van individuele deelnemers (IPD) te delen?
NEE
Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten
Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel
Nee
Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd apparaatproduct
Nee
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