The Potential Role of Hamstring Extensibility on Sagittal Pelvic Tilt, Sagittal Spinal Curves and Recurrent Low Back Pain in Team Sports Players: A Gender Perspective Analysis

Antonio Cejudo, Josep María Centenera-Centenera, Fernando Santonja-Medina, Antonio Cejudo, Josep María Centenera-Centenera, Fernando Santonja-Medina

Abstract

It is assumed that mechanical restriction of hamstring tightness disrupts sagittal spine-pelvis-leg alignment and alters the lumbar-pelvic rhythm predisposing to low back pain (LBP) in athletes; however, this association is not clear. A prospective cross-sectional cohort study was conducted to determine the influence of hamstring extensibility (HE) on sagittal pelvic tilt, sagittal spinal curves, and LBP in 94 soccer and basketball players (61 man and 33 woman) with (n = 36) and without recurrent LBP (n = 58). Descriptive analysis displayed significant gender differences for HE, sagittal pelvic tilt, and lumbar curve. Differences were found between the low-HE and high-HE groups in lumbosacral angle in for the maximum trunk forward flexion (LH-MTFP). Low-HE was associated with LH-MTFP, lumbar curve and LBP in male players (p ≤ 0.023). In female players, LH-MTFP and lumbar curve were associated with low-HE (p ≤ 0.020). Low-HE predicted LH-MTFP (p = 0.000; OR = 65.6950) and LBP (p = 0.028; OR = 13.915) in male players. The decision tree analysis showed that 50.8% of the players were classified with restricted LH-MTFP, 77.4% with low-HE among male players. The 100% of male players with recurrent LBP had low-HE. The 65% of female players with low-HE had restricted LH-MTFP. Measurement of HE, lumbar curve, and LH-MTFP are important in making training decisions for to reduce the incidence of recurrent LBP in soccer and basketball players.

Keywords: injury identification; injury prevention; muscle flexibility; sex-related differences; spine–pelvis–leg alignment.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Assessment of hamstring extensibility (HE) and sagittal pelvic tilt.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Assessment of sagittal thoracic and lumbar curves.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Decision tree analysis of the variables measured in male (a) and female (b) soccer and basketball players. The cutoff values for male and females were 71° and 75°, respectively.

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Source: PubMed

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