The Effect of Exercise on Nutritional Status and Body Composition in Hemodialysis: A Systematic Review

Dimitra Rafailia Bakaloudi, Antonios Siargkas, Kalliopi Anna Poulia, Evangelia Dounousi, Michail Chourdakis, Dimitra Rafailia Bakaloudi, Antonios Siargkas, Kalliopi Anna Poulia, Evangelia Dounousi, Michail Chourdakis

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with aggravating factors which can affect both body composition and nutritional status. The purpose of the present systematic review was to investigate the potential effects of any physical activity on body composition or nutritional status among patients with stage 5 CKD undergoing hemodialysis (HD). A literature search on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane was conducted and 14 randomized clinical trials were included. Skeletal muscle index and mid-arm muscular circumference increased after resistance exercise, and the results on body mass index, % body fat, and lean body mass varied. Serum albumin and C-reactive protein, in most cases, showed a slight increase and decrease, respectively. An improvement was also observed in body strength and overall performance status. The results suggest that physical activity can be beneficial for both the body composition and nutritional status of patients undergoing HD and can help in the prevention of sarcopenia. However, further research is needed mainly in the field of nutritional status.

Keywords: body composition; chronic kidney disease; hemodialysis; nutritional status; physical activity; sarcopenia.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram of the study selection process.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Risk of bias graph of included studies.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Risk of bias summary for included studies.

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