Effects of exercise intervention on vascular risk factors in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial

Kazuki Uemura, Takehiko Doi, Hiroyuki Shimada, Hyuma Makizako, Daisuke Yoshida, Kota Tsutsumimoto, Yuya Anan, Takao Suzuki, Kazuki Uemura, Takehiko Doi, Hiroyuki Shimada, Hyuma Makizako, Daisuke Yoshida, Kota Tsutsumimoto, Yuya Anan, Takao Suzuki

Abstract

Aims: The purpose of this study is to clarify the effects of exercise intervention on vascular risk factors in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: Community-dwelling older adults who met the definition of MCI using the Petersen criteria (n = 100; mean age = 75.3 years) were randomly allocated to the exercise (n = 50) or education control group (n = 50). Participants in the exercise group exercised under the supervision of physiotherapists for 90 min/day, 2 days/week, 80 times for 12 months. Anthropometric profiles, blood markers, blood pressure, and physical fitness (the 6-min walking test) were measured. Total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and TC/HDL-C risk ratio measurements were taken from blood samples.

Results: The exercise group showed significantly reduced TC and TC/HDL-C risk ratio after training compared with baseline levels (p < 0.001, p = 0.004). However, no significant reduction was found for the control group (p = 0.09, p = 0.09). Physical fitness also significantly improved after exercise intervention compared with the control group (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion: Exercise intervention was associated with positive changes in important vascular risk factors related to cognitive decline and vascular disease in older adults with MCI.

Keywords: Cholesterol; Cognitive impairment; Dementia; Metabolic profiles; Physical activity; Rehabilitation; Vascular risk factors.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Subject flow diagram from the initial contact through to study completion.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The average values of TC (a) and 6MWT distance (b) in the exercise and control groups before and after the intervention. ** Significant difference between before and after the training within the group (Bonferroni post hoc test, p < 0.005).

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