Changes in physical activity during transition to retirement: a cohort study

Sari Stenholm, Anna Pulakka, Ichiro Kawachi, Tuula Oksanen, Jaana I Halonen, Ville Aalto, Mika Kivimäki, Jussi Vahtera, Sari Stenholm, Anna Pulakka, Ichiro Kawachi, Tuula Oksanen, Jaana I Halonen, Ville Aalto, Mika Kivimäki, Jussi Vahtera

Abstract

Background: Retirement is a major life transition which may affect lifestyle. The aim of this study is to examine within-individual changes in physical activity during the transition from full-time work to retirement.

Methods: The study population consisted of 9,488 Finnish public-sector employees who retired in 2000-2011 and who reported their leisure-time and commuting physical activity before and after retirement. On average, participants provided data at 3.6 (of the four) repeat examinations during 10 years before and 10 years after the retirement. Physical activity was self-reported and was expressed as weekly metabolic equivalent task (MET) hours. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine physical activity trajectories around retirement.

Results: Among participants entering to statutory retirement physical activity first increased by 1.81 MET-hours (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.20 to 2.42) during 4-year retirement transition, but then decreased by -1.80 MET hours (95% CI -2.83 to -0.79) during the subsequent post-retirement period. Older retirement age, higher occupational status and fewer chronic diseases were associated with greater increase in physical activity during transition to statutory retirement.

Conclusions: Statutory retirement appears to be associated with a temporary increase in physical activity. Future research should examine ways to maintain the increased activity level after retirement.

Keywords: Aging; Cohort Study; Physical activity; Retirement.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Physical activity trajectories during retirement transition by retirement type. Adjusted for retirement age, sex and occupational status. Legends: Black line: statutory retirement; dashed black line: part-time retirement and gray line: disability retirement. a Average weekly MET hours, b Average hours of moderate-level physical activity, c Average hours of vigorous physical activity, d Proportion of physically inactive

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Source: PubMed

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