Physical activity as intervention for age-related loss of muscle mass and function: protocol for a randomised controlled trial (the LISA study)

Christian Skou Eriksen, Ellen Garde, Nina Linde Reislev, Cathrine Lawaetz Wimmelmann, Theresa Bieler, Andreas Kraag Ziegler, Anne Theil Gylling, Kasper Juel Dideriksen, Hartwig Roman Siebner, Erik Lykke Mortensen, Michael Kjaer, Christian Skou Eriksen, Ellen Garde, Nina Linde Reislev, Cathrine Lawaetz Wimmelmann, Theresa Bieler, Andreas Kraag Ziegler, Anne Theil Gylling, Kasper Juel Dideriksen, Hartwig Roman Siebner, Erik Lykke Mortensen, Michael Kjaer

Abstract

Introduction: Physical and cognitive function decline with age, accelerating during the 6th decade. Loss of muscle power (force×velocity product) is a dominant physical determinant for loss of functional ability, especially if the lower extremities are affected. Muscle strength training is known to maintain or even improve muscle power as well as physical function in older adults, but the optimal type of training for beneficial long-term training effects over several years is unknown. Moreover, the impact of muscle strength training on cognitive function and brain structure remains speculative. The primary aim of this randomised controlled trial is to compare the efficacy of two different 1 year strength training regimens on immediate and long-lasting improvements in muscle power in retirement-age individuals. Secondary aims are to evaluate the effect on muscle strength, muscle mass, physical and cognitive function, mental well-being, health-related quality of life and brain morphology.

Methods and analysis: The study includes 450 home-dwelling men and women (62-70 years). Participants are randomly allocated to (1) 1 year of supervised, centre-based heavy resistance training, (2) home-based moderate intensity resistance training or (3) habitual physical activity (control). Changes in primary (leg extensor power) and secondary outcomes are analysed according to the intention to treat principle and per protocol at 1, 2, 4, 7 and 10 years.

Ethics and dissemination: The study is expected to generate new insights into training-induced promotion of functional ability and independency after retirement and will help to formulate national recommendations regarding physical activity schemes for the growing population of older individuals in western societies. Results will be published in scientific peer-reviewed journals, in PhD theses and at public meetings. The study is approved by the Regional Ethical Committee (Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark, number H-3-2014-017).

Trial registration number: NCT02123641.

Keywords: Cognitive function; Mental well-being; Older adults; Physical function; Strength training.

Conflict of interest statement

HRS has served on a scientific advisory board for Lundbeck A/S, Valby, Denmark; has received honoraria as speaker from Biogen Idec, Denmark A/S, Genzyme, Denmark, and Merck Serono, Denmark; has received honoraria as editor from Elsevier Publishers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands and Springer Publishing, Stuttgart, Germany; has received travel support from MagVenture, Denmark; and has received a research fund from Biogen Idec, Denmark. The other investigators declare no conflicts of interest. No funders or private companies have any influence on initiation, design, data collection and analysis, publication strategy or management of the study. A data monitoring committee is not needed since the study is investigator driven.

Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart of the LISA study-participants. BMI, body mass index (kg/m2); HRT, heavy resistance training; MIT, moderate intensity training.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Overview of measurements on the three test days. All test days are repeated after 1 year intervention. Overview of assessments at 2, 4, 7 and 10 years are presented in table 1. Test-day 2 will be carried out between 4 and 7 days after the last training bout at the 1 year follow-up.

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