Examination of motor skill competency in students: evidence-based physical education curriculum

Weiyun Chen, Austin Hammond-Bennett, Andrew Hypnar, Weiyun Chen, Austin Hammond-Bennett, Andrew Hypnar

Abstract

Background: Researchers found that children with a competent level of motor skill performance are more likely to be physically active. This study examined how well K-1 students demonstrated motor skill competency in relation to Physical Education Content Standard 1.

Methods: Participants were K-1 grade students (N = 1,223-1,588; boys = 568-857; girls = 526-695; Mean age = 5.5 yrs old) who were enrolled in nine elementary schools. The K-1 students' motor skill competency in running, weight transferring, hand dribbling, and underhand catching skills was assessed using four PE Metrics skill assessment rubrics in the intervention year 1 and year 2, respectively. Data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics and independent sample t-tests.

Results: The students in the intervention year 1 and year 2 cohorts performed at the Competent Level or higher in the four skill assessments. The prevalence of the students' demonstration of skill competency across the four skills was high in the two intervention years. The intervention year 2 cohort scored significantly higher than the intervention year 1 cohort in the four skill assessments. The boys significantly outperformed than the girls in the two manipulative skills in the intervention year 1 and in the two manipulative skills and the weight transferring skill in the intervention year 2. No gender differences in the running skill in either year were found.

Conclusions: The evidence-based CATCH PE play a critical role in developing and building K-1 students' ability to demonstrate motor skill competency in four fundamental skills.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03015337 , registered date: 1/09/2017, as "retrospectively registered".

Keywords: Motor skill assessment; Motor skill competency; and quality physical education.

References

    1. Okley AD, Booth ML, Patterson JW. Relationship of physical activity to fundamental movement skills among adolescent. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001;33:1899–1904. doi: 10.1097/00005768-200111000-00015.
    1. Okely AD, Booth ML. Mastery of fundamental movement skills among children in New South Wales: Prevalence and sociodemographic distribution. J Sci Med Sport. 2004;7(3):358–372. doi: 10.1016/S1440-2440(04)80031-8.
    1. Fisher A, Reilly JJ, Kelly LA, et al. Fundamental movement skills and habitual physical activity in young children. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005;37:684–688. doi: 10.1249/01.MSS.0000159138.48107.7D.
    1. LeGear M, Greyling L, Sload E, et al. A window of opportunity? Motor skills and perceptions of competence of children in Kinedergarten. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2012;9:29–37. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-9-29.
    1. Williams HG, Pfeiffer KA, O’Neill JR, et al. Motor skill performance and physical activity in preschool children. Obesity. 2008;16(6):1421–1426. doi: 10.1038/oby.2008.214.
    1. Wrotniak BH, Epstein LH, Dorn JM, et al. The relationship between motor proficiency and physical activity in children. Pediatrics. 2006;18(6):1758–1765. doi: 10.1542/peds.2006-0742.
    1. Barnett LM, van Beurden E, Morgan PH, et al. Childhood motor skill proficiency as a predictor of adolescent physical activity. J Adole Health. 2009;44:252–259. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2008.07.004.
    1. Stodden DF, Goodway JD, Langendorfer SJ, et al. A developmental perspective on the role of motor skill competence in physical activity: An emergent relationship. Quest. 2008;60:290–306. doi: 10.1080/00336297.2008.10483582.
    1. Lander N, Eather N, Morgan PJ, Salmon J, Barnett LM. Characteristics of teacher training in school-based physical education intervention to improve fundamental movement skills and/or physical activity: A systematic review. Sports Med. 2016
    1. Barnett LM, Samuel KL, Veldman SLC, Hardy LL, Cliff DP, Morgan PJ et al. Correlates of gross motor competency in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2016. DOI 10.1007/s40279-016-0495-z.
    1. Graham G, Holt/Hale S, Parker M. Children moving: A reflective approach to teaching physical education. 9. New York: McGraw Hill; 2013.
    1. Rovegno I, Bandhauer D. Elementary physical education curriculum and instruction. Burlington: Jones and Bartlett Learning; 2013.
    1. Lubans DR, Morgan PJ, Cliff DP, Barnett LM, Okely AD. Fundamental Movement skills in children and adolescent: Review of associated health fitness. Sports Med. 2010;40:1019–1035. doi: 10.2165/11536850-000000000-00000.
    1. Rudd JR, Barnett LM, Butson ML, Farrow D, Berry J, Polman RCJ. Fundamental Movement Skills Are More than Run, Throw and Catch: The Role of Stability Skills. Plos One. 2015; 10(10): 1–15. e0140224. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0140224
    1. National Association for Sport and Physical Education (NASPE) PE Metrics: Assessing national standards 1–6 in elementary school. 2. Reston: NASPE Publication; 2010.
    1. CDC. Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance—United States, 2013. MMWR. 2014;63(SS-4).
    1. Bremer E, Lloyd M. The importance of fundamental motor skill proficiency for physical activity in elementary school age females. PHEnex J. 2014;6(2):1–12.
    1. Cliff DP, Okely AD, Smith L, Mckeen K. Relationships between fundamental movement skills and objectively measured physical activity in pre-school children. Pedia Exerc Sci. 2009;21(4):436–439. doi: 10.1123/pes.21.4.436.
    1. Butterfield AS, Angell RM, Mason GA. Age and sex differences in object control skills by children ages 5 to 14. Percept Mot Skills. 2012;114(1):261–274. doi: 10.2466/10.11.25.PMS.114.1.261-274.
    1. Barnett LM, van Beurden E, Morgan PJ, et al. Childhood motor skill proficiency as predict adolescent fitness? Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008;40:2137–2144. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e31818160d3.
    1. Beurden EV, Barnett LM, Zask A, Dietrich UD, Brooks LO, Beard J. Can we skill and activate children through primary school physical education lessons? “Move it Groove it”- a collaborative health promotion intervention. Pre Med. 2003;36:493–501. doi: 10.1016/S0091-7435(02)00044-0.
    1. Ewrin HE, Castelli DM. National physical education standards: A summary of student performance and its correlates. Res Quart for Exerc Sport. 2008;79:495–505. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2008.10599516.
    1. Clark JE. From the beginning: a developmental perspective on movement and mobility. Quest. 2005;57:37–45. doi: 10.1080/00336297.2005.10491841.
    1. National Association for Sport and Physical Education (NASPE) Moving into the future: National standards for physical education. 3. Reston: Author; 2014.
    1. National Association for Sport and Physical Education (NASPE) 2016 shape of the nation report: Status of physical education in the USA. Reston: NASPE Publication; 2016.
    1. McKenzie TL, Nader PR, Strikmiller PK, Yang M, Stone EJ, Perry CL, Taylor WC, Epping JN, Feldman HA, Luepker RV, Kelder SH. School physical education: Effect of the child and adolescent trial for cardiovascular health. Pre Med. 1996;25:423–431. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1996.0074.
    1. McKenzie TL, Alcaraz JE, Sallis JF, Faucette FN. Effects of a physical education program on children’s manipulative skills. J Teach Phys Edu. 1998;17:327–341. doi: 10.1123/jtpe.17.3.327.
    1. McKenzie TL, Sallis JF, Broyles SL, Zive MM, Nader PR, Berry CC, Brennan JJ. Childhood movement skills: Predictors of physical activity in American and Mexican American Adolescents? Res Quar Exerc Sport. 2002;73:238–244. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2002.10609017.
    1. McKenzie TL, Sallis JF, Kolody B, Faucette N. Long term effects of a physical education curriculum and staff development program: SPARK. Res Quar Exerc Sport. 1997;68:280–291. doi: 10.1080/02701367.1997.10608009.
    1. Prochaska JJ, Sallies JF, Slymen DJ, McKenzie TL. A longitudinal study of children’s enjoyment of physical education. Pedia Exerc Sci. 2003;15:170–178. doi: 10.1123/pes.15.2.170.
    1. Sallis JF, McKenzie TL, Alcaraz JE, et al. The effects of a 2-year physical education program (SPARK) on physical activity and fitness in elementary school students. Am J Public Health. 1997;87(8):1328–1334. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.87.8.1328.
    1. Chen W, Mason S, Hypnar A, Hammond-Bennett A. Assessing manipulative skill competency in elementary school students: A three-year study. J Sports Sci Med. 2016;15:102–110.
    1. Chen W, Zhu W, Mason S, Hammond-Bennett A, Colombo-Dougovito A. Effectiveness of Quality Physical Education in Improving Students’ Manipulative Skill Competency. J Sport Health Sci. 2016;5:233–240.
    1. CDC . The Association Between School-Based Physical Activity, Including Physical Education, and Academic Performance. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2010.
    1. Zhu W, Fox C, Park Y, et al. Development and calibration of an item bank for PE metrics assessments: Standard 1. Measure Phys Ed Exerc Sci. 2011;15:119–137. doi: 10.1080/1091367X.2011.568366.
    1. Goodway JD, Crowe H, Ward P. Effects of motor skill instruction on fundamental motor skill development. Adapted Phy Act Quar. 2003;20:298–314. doi: 10.1123/apaq.20.3.298.
    1. Kulinna PH, Zhu W, Kuntzleman C, et al. Evaluation of a statewide curriculum implementation using a content-coverage index. Measure Phys Ed Exerc Sci. 2002;6:127–142. doi: 10.1207/S15327841MPEE0602_3.
    1. Babin J, Katic R, Ropac D, Bonacin D. Effect of specially programmed physical and healthy education on motor fitness of seven-year-old school children. Coll Antropol. 2001;25:153–165.
    1. Katic R, Males B, Miletic D. Effect of 6-month athletic training on motor abilities in seven year-old schoolgirls. Coll Antropol. 2002;26:533–538.
    1. Hardy LL, King L, Farrell L, et al. Fundamental movement skills among Australian preschool children. J Sci Med Sport. 2010;13:503–508. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2009.05.010.
    1. Booth ML, Okely AD, McLellan L, et al. Mastery of fundamental motor skills among New South Wales school students: Prevalence and sociodemographic distribution. J Sce Med Sport. 1999;2:93–105. doi: 10.1016/S1440-2440(99)80189-3.
    1. Sanders L, Kidman L. Can primary school children perform fundamental motor skills? J Physic Ed New Zealand. 1998;31(4):11–13.
    1. Sallis JF. Age-related decline in physical activity: a synthesis of human and animal studies. Med Sci Sport Exerc. 2000;73:238–244.

Source: PubMed

Sponsorer og samarbeidspartnere

Medisinsk tilstand

Legemiddelintervensjoner

3
Abonnere