Validation, Reliability, and Responsiveness Outcomes Of Kinematic Assessment With An RGB-D Camera To Analyze Movement In Subacute And Chronic Low Back Pain

Manuel Trinidad-Fernández, David Beckwée, Antonio Cuesta-Vargas, Manuel González-Sánchez, Francisco-Angel Moreno, Javier González-Jiménez, Erika Joos, Peter Vaes, Manuel Trinidad-Fernández, David Beckwée, Antonio Cuesta-Vargas, Manuel González-Sánchez, Francisco-Angel Moreno, Javier González-Jiménez, Erika Joos, Peter Vaes

Abstract

Background: The RGB-D camera is an alternative to asses kinematics in order to obtain objective measurements of functional limitations. The aim of this study is to analyze the validity, reliability, and responsiveness of the motion capture depth camera in sub-acute and chronic low back pain patients.

Methods: Thirty subjects (18-65 years) with non-specific lumbar pain were screened 6 weeks following an episode. RGB-D camera measurements were compared with an inertial measurement unit. Functional tests included climbing stairs, bending, reaching sock, lie-to-sit, sit-to-stand, and timed up-and-go. Subjects performed the maximum number of repetitions during 30 s. Validity was analyzed using Spearman's correlation, reliability of repetitions was calculated by the intraclass correlation coefficient and the standard error of measurement, and receiver operating characteristic curves were calculated to assess the responsiveness.

Results: The kinematic analysis obtained variable results according to the test. The time variable had good values in the validity and reliability of all tests (r = 0.93-1.00, (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.62-0.93). Regarding kinematics, the best results were obtained in bending test, sock test, and sit-to-stand test (r = 0.53-0.80, ICC = 0.64-0.83, area under the curve (AUC) = 0.55-84).

Conclusion: Functional tasks, such as bending, sit-to-stand, reaching, and putting on sock, assessed with the RGB-D camera, revealed acceptable validity, reliability, and responsiveness in the assessment of patients with low back pain (LBP).

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03293095 "Functional Task Kinematic in Musculoskeletal Pathology" September 26, 2017.

Keywords: depth camera; functional test; low back pain; motion capture system; reliability; responsiveness; validation.

Conflict of interest statement

M.T.-F. has received a grant from the University of Malaga in order to do an international stay inside the PhD. This grant does not influence or bias the work. The rest of the authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Experimental setup for (a) the functional tests and (b) the timed up-and-go test.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Joints information collected by the camera and 3D reference system of the camera and the inertial measurement unit.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Functional tests and timed up-and-go test. Examples of kinematic pattern of each performance and control points.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Bland–Altman plots for displacement, velocity, and acceleration in the bending test comparing the RGB-D camera and IMU. The lines represent the mean of the differences and limits of agreement.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Bland–Altman plots for displacement, velocity, and acceleration in the STS test comparing the RGB-D camera and IMU. The lines represent the mean of the differences and limits of agreement.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Bland–Altman plots for displacement, velocity, and acceleration in the sock test comparing the RGB-D camera and IMU. The lines represent the mean of the differences and limits of agreement.

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