Prevalences of comorbid anxiety disorder and daily smartphone-based self-reported anxiety in patients with newly diagnosed bipolar disorder
Sharleny Stanislaus, Klara Coello, Hanne Lie Kjærstad, Kimie Stefanie Ormstrup Sletved, Ida Seeberg, Mads Frost, Jakob Eyvind Bardram, Rasmus Nejst Jensen, Maj Vinberg, Maria Faurholt-Jepsen, Lars Vedel Kessing, Sharleny Stanislaus, Klara Coello, Hanne Lie Kjærstad, Kimie Stefanie Ormstrup Sletved, Ida Seeberg, Mads Frost, Jakob Eyvind Bardram, Rasmus Nejst Jensen, Maj Vinberg, Maria Faurholt-Jepsen, Lars Vedel Kessing
Abstract
Background: Around 40% of patients with bipolar disorder (BD) additionally have anxiety disorder. The prevalence of anxiety in patients with newly diagnosed BD and their first-degree relatives (UR) has not been investigated.ObjectiveTo investigate (1) the prevalence of a comorbid anxiety diagnosis in patients with newly diagnosed BD and their UR, (2) sociodemographic and clinical differences between patients with and without a comorbid anxiety diagnosis and (3) the association between smartphone-based patient-reported anxiety and observer-based ratings of anxiety and functioning, respectively.
Methods: We recruited 372 patients with BD and 116 of their UR. Daily smartphone-based data were provided from 125 patients. SCAN was used to assess comorbid anxiety diagnoses.
Findings: In patients with BD, the prevalence of a comorbid anxiety disorder was 11.3% (N=42) and 10.3% and 5.9% in partial and full remission, respectively. In UR, the prevalence was 6.9%. Patients with a comorbid anxiety disorder had longer illness duration (p=0.016) and higher number of affective episodes (p=0.011). Smartphone-based patient-reported anxiety symptoms were associated with ratings of anxiety and impaired functioning (p<0.001).
Limitations: The SCAN interviews to diagnose comorbid anxiety disorder were carried out regardless of the participants' mood state.Clinical implicationsThe lower prevalence of anxiety in newly diagnosed BD than in later stages of BD indicates that anxiety increases with progression of BD. Comorbid anxiety seems associated with poorer clinical outcomes and functioning and smartphones are clinically useful for monitoring anxiety symptoms.
Trial registration number: ClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT02888262).
Keywords: adult psychiatry; anxiety disorders; depression & mood disorders.
Conflict of interest statement
Competing interests: HLK, KSOS, IS, RNJ and MF-J declare no competing interests. LVK, SS and KC have within recent 3 years been a consultant for Lundbeck. MV has within the last 3 years been a consultant for Lundbeck, Sunovion and Janssen. JEB and MF are cofounders and shareholders of Monsenso A/S.
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
Source: PubMed