Knowledge and practice of patients with diabetes mellitus in Lebanon: a cross-sectional study

Lamis R Karaoui, Mary E Deeb, Layal Nasser, Souheil Hallit, Lamis R Karaoui, Mary E Deeb, Layal Nasser, Souheil Hallit

Abstract

Background: The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and practice of Lebanese patients living with diabetes mellitus in regards to their diabetes self- management.

Methods: A cross-sectional study, conducted between January and June 2015, enrolled 207 urban adult patients with diabetes mellitus from community pharmacies while purchasing their diabetes medications. Their knowledge and self-management practices were assessed using a structured anonymous interview survey questionnaire.

Results: The mean age of the participants was 60.2 ± 15.5 years, and the Male/Female ratio was 1.38. The mean knowledge score was 2.34 ± 0.88 points (out of 6). Very few participants (17.4%) knew their current medication side effects. The mean practice score was 5.86 ± 1.77 points (out of 8). Only 15.9% of patients reported current physical activity. A multiple linear analysis showed that those with a university degree had a significantly higher knowledge (Beta = 0.448, p = 0.001) and practice score (Beta = 0.523 p = 0.047) than those with intermediate or primary schooling. Those who reported following a special diabetes diet had a higher knowledge score (Beta = 0.482, p < 0.001) than those who did not. Knowledge score and practice score were highly correlated (Beta = 0.844, p < 0.001). There was no significant differential by gender and age for knowledge and practice scores.

Conclusions: The knowledge and practice scores of patients with diabetes mellitus were not satisfactory. Well-targeted interventions are needed, such as improving the communication between the pharmacist and people living with diabetes. The observed low adherence to physical exercise among patients with diabetes should also be addressed.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Knowledge; Lebanon; Practice; Self-management.

Conflict of interest statement

Ethics approval and consent to participate

The study was reviewed and approved by the Lebanese American University Institutional Review Board (IRB) ethical committee. Verbal consent was obtained rather than written consent, given that agreeing to participate in the interview survey study was considered by the IRB equivalent to a formal consent.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

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