Nail Involvement as a Predictor of Differential Treatment Effects of Secukinumab Versus Ustekinumab in Patients with Moderate to Severe Psoriasis

Curdin Conrad, Christine-Elke Ortmann, Marc Vandemeulebroecke, Torben Kasparek, Kristian Reich, Curdin Conrad, Christine-Elke Ortmann, Marc Vandemeulebroecke, Torben Kasparek, Kristian Reich

Abstract

Introduction: Patients with plaque psoriasis may experience varying levels of treatment response to different biologics, based on phenotypic characteristics and underlying genetic factors. Nail psoriasis is a common manifestation of psoriasis (approx. 50% of patients) and has been linked to the human leukocyte antigen-C*0602 (HLA-C*0602) allele, which in turn has been associated with differential treatment responses to certain drugs. Here we investigate whether nail involvement in patients with psoriasis can predict differential skin responses to two biologics with different modes of action, namely secukinumab (anti-interleukin-17A) and ustekinumab (anti-interleukin-12/23), to ultimately guide treatment choice.

Methods: Data were pooled from the CLEAR and CLARITY studies and stratified post hoc by nail involvement status at baseline. Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) 75 and 90 responses over 52 weeks and absolute PASI ≤ 3, ≤ 1, and 0 values at weeks 16 and 52, were assessed.

Results: Based on the medical history, 30.4% (269/886) of the patients in the secukinumab arm and 29.7% (265/891) of patients in the ustekinumab arm presented with nail involvement. Nail involvement status had little to no impact on the efficacy of secukinumab, as comparable responses were achieved for patients with and without nail involvement in terms of PASI 75/90, ≤ 3, and 0 responses; slightly lower PASI ≤ 1 reponses were achieved in patients with nail involvement. In the ustekinumab arm, patients with nail involvement achieved lower responses across all endpoints.

Conclusions: These findings indicate that nail involvement can serve as an observable prognostic factor for efficacy in skin psoriasis treatment and guide the choice between secukinumab and ustekinumab.

Trial registration: CLEAR: NCT02074982; CLARITY: NCT02826603.

Keywords: Nail involvement; Prognostic factor; Psoriasis; Secukinumab; Ustekinumab.

© 2021. The Author(s).

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Proportion of patients (95% confidence interval) by treatment group and nail involvement status with PASI 75 (i) and PASI 90 (ii) response by visit (based on modified non-responder imputation). m Total number of patients in the treatment arm, n number of patients with response, PASI 75/90 ≥ 75% and ≥ 90% reduction from baseline in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score, SEC secukinumab, UST ustekinumab
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Proportion of patients (95% confidence interval) by treatment group and nail involvement status with absolute (total score) PASI ≤ 3, ≤ 1 and 0 response by visit (based on observed data). PASI Psoriasis Area and Severity Index, SEC secukinumab, UST ustekinumab

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