Dysfunctional gut microbiota and relative co-abundance network in infantile eczema

Heping Wang, Yinhu Li, Xin Feng, Yufeng Li, Wenjian Wang, Chuangzhao Qiu, Jianqiang Xu, Zhenyu Yang, Zhichuan Li, Qian Zhou, Kaihu Yao, Hongmei Wang, Yuzheng Li, Dongfang Li, Wenkui Dai, Yuejie Zheng, Heping Wang, Yinhu Li, Xin Feng, Yufeng Li, Wenjian Wang, Chuangzhao Qiu, Jianqiang Xu, Zhenyu Yang, Zhichuan Li, Qian Zhou, Kaihu Yao, Hongmei Wang, Yuzheng Li, Dongfang Li, Wenkui Dai, Yuejie Zheng

Abstract

Background: Infantile eczema is an immunological disease that is characterized by itchy and dry skin. Recent studies have suggested that gut microbiota (GM) plays a role in the development and progression of eczema. To further evaluate this potential link, we collected feces from 19 infants with eczema and 14 infants without eczema and analyzed the molecular discrepancies between the two groups using 16S rDNA analysis.

Results: Bacteroidaceae and Deinococcaceae were significantly enriched in eczema infants, and Bacteroidaceae was potentially involved in autoimmune diseases by promoting the Th17 (T helper cell 17) secretion of IL-17 (interleukin-17). In the infants without eczema, the co-abundance network featured three core nodes: Clostridiaceae, Veillonellaceae, and Lactobacillaceae, all of which were lacking in the infants with eczema. Furthermore, our data suggested that Enterobacteriaceae was the core of the co-abundance network for the diseased subjects.

Conclusions: GM is closely connected to the human immune system, and the dysbiotic GM network plays a role in eczema. This study furthered our understanding of the dynamic GM network and its correlation to the occurrence of eczema.

Keywords: Co-abundance; Gut microbiota; Infantile eczema; Network.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Gut microbial diversity in eczema and non-eczema infants. a Distribution of the Shannon and Simpson indices in infants with and without eczema with OTUs results. b Gut microbial diversity at the species level. The cyan and red represent non-eczema and eczema infants, respectively. The gut microbial diversity was slightly low in eczema infants, but there was no significant difference between eczema and non-eczema infants
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Detection and distribution of biomarkers in eczema and non-eczema infants. a Biomarkers discovered by LEfSe analysis and their corresponding LDA score are listed. Cyan and red represent non-eczema and eczema infants, respectively. b Relative abundance of biomarkers in eczema and non-eczema infants. The cyan and red represent non-eczema and eczema infants, respectively, and the circles with the larger diameter represent the higher abundance. In b, it appears that Bacteroidaceae was the primary biomarker responsible for the gut microbial difference between eczema and non-eczema infants
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Gut microbial network in eczema and non-eczema infants younger than 6 months. The correlation analysis among gut bacteria was executed and the relationships whose r value was higher than 0.45 or lower than −0.35 were kept. The green and red edges represent the positive correlation and negative correlation, respectively. The diameter of the spots was proportional to the relative abundance. Most of the GM network in the non-eczema group was absent in the group with eczema, but the negative relationship between Enterobacteriaceae and Clostridiaceae remained. Meanwhile direct negative correlation between Bacteroidaceae and Unclassified Clostridiales was enhanced in the non-eczema group

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