Interplay Between Statins, Cav1 (Caveolin-1), and Aldosterone

Andrea V Haas, Rene Baudrand, Rebecca M Easly, Gillian R Murray, Rhian M Touyz, Luminita H Pojoga, Xavier Jeunemaitre, Paul N Hopkins, Bernard Rosner, Jonathan S Williams, Gordon H Williams, Gail K Adler, Andrea V Haas, Rene Baudrand, Rebecca M Easly, Gillian R Murray, Rhian M Touyz, Luminita H Pojoga, Xavier Jeunemaitre, Paul N Hopkins, Bernard Rosner, Jonathan S Williams, Gordon H Williams, Gail K Adler

Abstract

Statin use is associated with lower aldosterone levels. We hypothesized that caveolin-1 may be important for the uptake of statins into the adrenal gland and would affect statin's aldosterone-lowering effects. The aim of this study was to test whether the caveolin-1 risk allele (rs926198) would affect aldosterone levels associated with statin use. The Hypertensive Pathotype database includes healthy and hypertensive individuals who have undergone assessment of adrenal hormones. Individuals were studied off antihypertensive medications but were maintained on statins if prescribed by their personal physician. Adrenal hormones were measured at baseline and after 1 hour of angiotensin II stimulation on both high- and low-sodium diets. A mixed-model repeated-measures analysis was employed with a priori selected covariates of age, sex, body mass index, and protocol (low versus high sodium, baseline versus angiotensin II stimulated aldosterone). A total of 250 individuals were included in the study; 31 individuals were taking statins (12.4%) and 219 were not. Among statin users, carrying a caveolin-1 risk allele resulted in a 25% (95% CI, 1-43.2) lower aldosterone level (P=0.04). However, among nonstatin users, carrying a caveolin-1 risk allele resulted in no significant effect on aldosterone levels (P=0.38). Additionally, the interaction between caveolin-1 risk allele and statin use on aldosterone levels was significant (P=0.03). These findings suggest caveolin-1 risk allele carrying individuals are likely to receive the most benefit from statin's aldosterone-lowering properties; however, due to the observational nature of this study, these findings need further investigation.

Keywords: aldosterone; alleles; cardiovascular disease; caveolin-1; hypertension.

Conflict of interest statement

None.

Figures

Figure.
Figure.
Adjusted aldosterone values in nonstatin/statin users and Cav1 (caveolin-1) nonrisk/risk allele carriers. Among statin users, Cav1 risk allele carriers had a 25% lower aldosterone (P=0.04). Among nonstatin users, there was no effect of the Cav1 risk allele on aldosterone levels (P=0.38). The interaction between Cav1 allele and statin use was significant (P=0.03). ns indicates nonsignificant.

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