Clinical trial on the effects of oral magnesium supplementation in stable-phase COPD patients

Bruno Micael Zanforlini, Chiara Ceolin, Caterina Trevisan, Agnese Alessi, Daniele Michele Seccia, Marianna Noale, Stefania Maggi, Gabriella Guarnieri, Andrea Vianello, Giuseppe Sergi, Bruno Micael Zanforlini, Chiara Ceolin, Caterina Trevisan, Agnese Alessi, Daniele Michele Seccia, Marianna Noale, Stefania Maggi, Gabriella Guarnieri, Andrea Vianello, Giuseppe Sergi

Abstract

Background and aims: COPD is a common chronic condition in older age that impacts on daily activities and quality of life. Previous studies suggest that magnesium deficit in COPD patients affects bronco-obstruction, inflammation, and physical performance. We investigated whether oral magnesium supplementation in stable-phase COPD patients improves lung function, physical performance, and quality of life.

Methods: We conducted a double-blind randomized-controlled clinical study with 49 participants divided into two groups: one given 300 mg/day of magnesium citrate (n = 25) and the other one sachet/day of a placebo (n = 24). The following parameters were assessed at baseline and after 3 and 6 months: lung function (spirometry), physical performance (handgrip strength, lower limb strength, six-minute walk test), inflammation (e.g., C-reactive protein, CRP), disease-related symptoms, and quality of life (St George's Respiratory Questionnaire, EuroQoL-5D, the Modified British Medical Research Council Questionnaire).

Results: Linear mixed models revealed significantly lower CRP values in the intervention group than in the placebo group at the 6 month follow-up (β = - 3.2, 95% CI - 6.0, - 0.4, p = 0.03). Moreover, the maximum work for flexion tended to increase in both groups between the 3 and the 6 month assessments, especially in the placebo group. No significant differences within and between groups over the study period were observed for the other parameters tested.

Conclusions: Although the established minimum sample size was not reached, our results suggests that oral magnesium supplementation may have a potential anti-inflammatory role. On the other hand, it does not seem to substantially influence lung function, physical performance, and quality of life in COPD patients.

Trial registration: The study is registered in clinicaltrial.gov (Trial Registration: NCT02680769, 13 June 2016, retrospectively registered).

Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Clinical trial; Inflammation; Magnesium.

Conflict of interest statement

The design and conduct of the clinical trial were entirely carried out by the authors of this manuscript without any indication from the company that provided the products necessary for the experimentation. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

© 2021. The Author(s).

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Estimated means (standard error) of C-reactive protein (a) and maximum flexion strength over time, by treatments

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