Quality of life assessment in interstitial lung diseases:a comparison of the disease-specific K-BILD with the generic EQ-5D-5L

Boglárka Lilla Szentes, Michael Kreuter, Thomas Bahmer, Surinder S Birring, Martin Claussen, Julia Waelscher, Reiner Leidl, Larissa Schwarzkopf, Boglárka Lilla Szentes, Michael Kreuter, Thomas Bahmer, Surinder S Birring, Martin Claussen, Julia Waelscher, Reiner Leidl, Larissa Schwarzkopf

Abstract

Background: Patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILD) have impaired health-related quality of life (HRQL). Little is known about the applicability of the disease-specific King's Brief Interstitial Lung Disease questionnaire (K-BILD) and the generic EQ-5D-5L in a German setting.

Methods: We assessed disease-specific (K-BILD) and generic HRQL (EQ-5D experience based value set (EBVS) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS)) in 229 patients with different ILD subtypes in a longitudinal observational study (HILDA). Additionally, we assessed the correlation of the HRQL measures with lung function and comorbidities. In a linear regression model, we investigated predictors (including age, sex, ILD subtype, FVC percentage of predicted value (FVC%pred), DLCO percentage of predicted value, and comorbidities).

Results: Among the 229 patients mean age was 63.2 (Standard deviation (SD): 12.9), 67.3% male, 24.0% had idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and 22.3% sarcoidosis. Means scores were as follows for EQ-5D EBVS 0.66(SD 0.17), VAS 61.4 (SD 19.1) and K-BILD Total 53.6 (SD 13.8). K-BILD had good construct validity (high correlation with EQ-5D EBVS (0.71)) and good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha 0.89). Moreover, all HRQL measures were highly accepted by patients including low missing items and there were no ceiling or floor effects. A higher FVC % pred was associated with higher HRQL in all measures meanwhile comorbidities had a negative influence on HRQL.

Conclusions: K-BILD and EQ-5D had similar HRQL trends and were associated similarly to the same disease-related factors in Germany. Our data supports the use of K-BILD in clinical practice in Germany, since it captures disease specific effects of ILD. Additionally, the use of the EQ-5D-5L could provide comparison to different disease areas and give an overview about the position of ILD patients in comparison to general population.

Keywords: Comorbidities; EQ-5D-5L; Health-related quality of life; ILD; K-BILD.

Conflict of interest statement

Ethics approval and consent to participate

The local Ethics Committees of Heidelberg and Luebeck approved the study (reference number S-200/2013, and AZ: 16-192). Participants provided written informed consent.

Competing interests

SB developed the K-BILD. All other authors declare no competing interests.

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Unadjusted health-related quality of life results. Abbreviations: EQ-5D EBVS-EQ-5D experience based value set, VAS-Visual Analog Scale

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