Serum survivin and vascular endothelial growth factor in extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type: implications for a potential new prognostic indicator

Seok Jin Kim, Mineui Hong, In-Gu Do, Seung Ho Lee, Kyung Ju Ryu, Hae Yong Yoo, Jung Yong Hong, Young Hyeh Ko, Won Seog Kim, Seok Jin Kim, Mineui Hong, In-Gu Do, Seung Ho Lee, Kyung Ju Ryu, Hae Yong Yoo, Jung Yong Hong, Young Hyeh Ko, Won Seog Kim

No abstract available

Keywords: extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma; prognosis; serum; survivin; vascular endothelial growth factor.

Figures

Figure 1.

(A) Summary of study design and patient selection. (B) Serum levels of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), IL-6 and surviving. (C) High VEGF (pink squares) showed a significant association with progression-free survival (PFS) events (68%, 19 of 28) compared to low VEGF (empty squares, 44%, 18 of 41; P=0.05). Positive survivin (green squares) showed a high rate of failure (89%, 16 of 18) than negative survivin (41%, 21 of 51; P<0.001). Positive IL-6 (purple squares) showed a marginal significance (70%, 16 of 23; P=0.06) and high platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) (blue squares) was not related with the occurrence of a PFS event (57%, 20 of 35).

Figure 2.

(A) Patients with high serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentration had better overall survival compared with patients with low VEGF. Serum IL-6-positive and serum survivin-positive patients had worse overall survival compared with patients who were negative for IL-6 and survivin. (B) Serum survivin-positive patients showed a higher proportion of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA elevation (78%, 14 of 18) and stage IV (54%, 13 of 24) whereas high VEGF did not show a significant association with EBV DNA elevation and stage. (C) Hematoxylin–eosin staining of a representative extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) sample; EBV-encoded small RNA in situ hybridization; strong nuclear survivin expression in lymphoma cells (X400). (D) NK-92MI cells treated with VEGF exhibited greater cell proliferation (P<0.01) compared with cells cultured without VEGF. Each condition with five replicates was repeated three times, and the data are expressed as mean±standard deviation. OD: optical density. (E) Treatment of VEGF-A (1 ng/mL) increased the invasiveness (*P<0.01). The values are from 3 independent experiments, and the data are expressed as mean±standard deviation. (F) Treatment of VEGF-A increased AKT phosphorylation (p-AKT).