Feasibility and impact of whole-body high-intensity interval training in patients with stable coronary artery disease: a randomised controlled trial

Jacobina Kristiansen, Tórur Sjúrðarson, Erik Lerkevang Grove, Jan Rasmussen, Steen Dalby Kristensen, Anne-Mette Hvas, Magni Mohr, Jacobina Kristiansen, Tórur Sjúrðarson, Erik Lerkevang Grove, Jan Rasmussen, Steen Dalby Kristensen, Anne-Mette Hvas, Magni Mohr

Abstract

Exercise training reduces cardiovascular mortality and improves quality of life in CAD patients. We investigated the feasibility and impact of 12 weeks of low-volume high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in CAD-patients. Patients with stable CAD were randomized 1:1 to supervised HIIT or standard care. HIIT sessions were completed three times weekly for 12 weeks on a rowing ergometer. Before and after the 12-week intervention, patients completed a physiological evaluation of cardiorespiratory performance and quality of life questionnaires. Mixed model analysis was used to evaluate differences between and within groups. A total of 142 patients (67 ± 9 years, nHIIT = 64, nStandard care = 78) completed the trial. Training adherence was 97% (range 86-100%). Six patients dropped out because of non-fatal adverse events. Weekly training duration was 54 min with an average power output of 138 W. HIIT increased peak oxygen uptake by 2.5 mL/kg/min (95% CI 2.1-3.0), whereas no change was observed in standard care (0.2 mL/kg/min, 95% CI - 0.2-0.6, P < 0.001). In addition, HIIT improved markers of quality of life, including physical functioning, limitations due to physical illness, general health and vitality (P < 0.05). Twelve weeks of low-volume whole-body HIIT increased cardiorespiratory capacity and improved quality of life in patients with stable CAD compared to standard care. In addition, our study demonstrates that the applied vigorous training regime is feasible for this patient group.Clinical trial registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov . Identification number: NCT04268992.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

© 2022. The Author(s).

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart of recruitment for the randomised controlled trial. HIIT high-intensity interval training.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Overview of visits for each patient.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Values are presented as means (with 95% confidence intervals) from a linear mixed-model with group, time, and group × time interaction as fixed factors. The figure shows peak oxygen uptake measured pre- and post-intervention (A,B) and peak workload measured pre- and post-intervention (C). If a significant effect of group × time interaction existed, the result of the post hoc analysis is indicated by *P < 0.05, **P < 0.001 compared with pre-intervention, and †P < 0.05 compared with standard care.

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