The effects of short-term combined exercise training on telomere length in obese women: a prospective, interventional study

Camila Fernanda Cunha Brandao, Carla Barbosa Nonino, Flavia Giolo de Carvalho, Carolina Ferreira Nicoletti, Natalia Yumi Noronha, Rocio San Martin, Ellen Cristini de Freitas, Marcia Varella Morandi Junqueira-Franco, Julio Sergio Marchini, Camila Fernanda Cunha Brandao, Carla Barbosa Nonino, Flavia Giolo de Carvalho, Carolina Ferreira Nicoletti, Natalia Yumi Noronha, Rocio San Martin, Ellen Cristini de Freitas, Marcia Varella Morandi Junqueira-Franco, Julio Sergio Marchini

Abstract

Background: Telomere length is inversely associated with the senescence and aging process. Parallelly, obesity can promote telomere shortening. Evidence suggests that physical activity may promote telomere elongation.

Objective: This study's objective is to evaluate the effects of combined exercise training on telomere length in obese women.

Design and methods: Twenty pre-menopausal women (BMI 30-40 kg/m2, 20-40 years) submitted to combined training (strength and aerobic exercises), but only 13 finished the protocol. Each exercise session lasted 55 min/day, three times a week, throughout 8 weeks. Anthropometric data, body composition, physical performance (Vo2max), and 8-h fasting blood samples were taken before and after 8 weeks of training. Leukocyte DNA was extracted for telomere length by RT-qPCR reaction, using the 2-ΔΔCt methodology.

Results: After the training intervention, significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in telomere length (respectively before and after, 1.03 ± 0.04 to 1.07 ± 0.04 T/S ratio), fat-free mass (46 ± 7 to 48 ± 5 kg), Vo2max (35 ± 3 to 38 ± 3 ml/kg/min), and waist circumference (96 ± 8 to 90 ± 6 cm). In addition, an inverse correlation between waist circumference and telomere length was found, before (r = - 0.536, p = 0.017) and after (r = - 0.655, p = 0.015) exercise training.

Conclusion: Combined exercise promoted leukocyte telomere elongation in obese women. Besides, the data suggested that greater waist circumference may predict shorter telomere length.

Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrails.gov, NCT03119350. Retrospectively registered on 18 April 2017.

Keywords: Combined exercise training; Obesity; Physical Activity; Physical fitness; Telomere length; Waist circumference.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors, Camila Brandao, Carla Nonino, Flavia Carvalho, Carolina Nicoletti, Natalia Noronha, Rocio Martin, Ellen Freitas, Marcia Junqueira-Franco, and Julio Marchini, declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Experimental design. Evaluations and intervention of study for 12 weeks. HR, heart rate; RM, multiple repetitions. The intensity of exercise: 2 weeks of 75%, 4 weeks of 80%, 2 weeks of 90% from HRmax and RMmax
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Telomere length, pre- and post-8 weeks exercise training, of women with obesity. *p < 0.05
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Correlation between waist circumference and telomere length. Black symbols: pre-intervention (n = 20 subjects). White symbols: post-intervention (n = 13 subjects). Numbers of symbols represent each subject

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