Effects of the Multidimensional Treatment on Pain, Disability, and Sitting Posture in Patients with Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Tae-Sung In, Jin-Hwa Jung, Kyoung-Sim Jung, Hwi-Young Cho, Tae-Sung In, Jin-Hwa Jung, Kyoung-Sim Jung, Hwi-Young Cho

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of multidimensional approach model on the pain, disability, and sitting posture in patients with nonspecific low back pain (LBP). Sixty LBP patients were recruited and were randomly divided into two groups: multidimensional treatment (MT) group (n = 30) and unimodal treatment (UT) group (n = 30). All participants underwent 48 sessions of treatment (40 min/session, two sessions per day, 2 days per week) for 12 weeks. The MT group conducted a core stability exercise twice a day and additionally provided training on pain principles and management methods. The UT group only performed a core stability exercise twice a day. The visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability index (ODI) were used to measure pain intensity and disability. Thoracolumbar kyphosis and lumbar lordosis in the sitting position were measured using a motion capture system. After training, the pain and disability in the MT group improved significantly greater than the UT group (p < 0.05). In the MT group, the pain relief effect persisted 3 months after the end of training. Thoracolumbar kyphosis and lumbar lordosis in the MT group were significantly improved compared to the UT group (p < 0.05). Thus, MT combined with core stability exercise may be used to improve the pain, disability, and sitting posture in patients with LBP.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no conflicts of interest exist.

Copyright © 2021 Tae-Sung In et al.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram of participants through the study.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Measurement of thoracolumbar kyphosis and lumbar lordosis through 3D motion analysis system. (A) Thoracolumbar kyphosis angle and (B) lumbar lordosis angle.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Change of VAS score after training. ∗Significant difference between pre and post (p < 0.05). #Significant difference between post and after 3 months (p < 0.05). †Significant difference between pre and after 3 months (p < 0.05). ‡Significant difference between MT and UT group (p < 0.05).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Change of ODI score after training. ∗Significant difference between pre and post (p < 0.05). #Significant difference between MT and UT group (p < 0.05).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Change of spinal angle after training. ∗Significant difference between pre and post (p < 0.05). #Significant difference between MT and UT group (p < 0.05).

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